Consumers’ Intention to Use Mobile Payment: A Case of Quick Response (QR) Code Applications
Abstract
Many transactions, nowadays such as banking, transportations, online shopping and bills payments, are implemented using mobile payment. To date, many mobile payment services are available in Malaysia, with companies offering their services competitively. However, adoption rates in Malaysia are considered slow due to many reasons. This study investigates the factors that affect consumer intention to use mobile payment based on QR code technology. A proposed model based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) model was adapted to identify the factors that affect the use of mobile payments. A survey instrument was developed based on the proposed model. Data were collected from 50 consumers who used QR code mobile payments in Klang Valley. The quantitative analysis method was adopted and the SPSS statistical tool was used to analyze the data using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results have shown that several factors significantly affect consumer intention to use QR code-based payment namely performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, habit, and trust. This study provides meaningful insight on the reasons why consumers used QR codebased payment.
References
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Technology (UTAUT) as a Tool for Validating User Needs on the Implementation of e-Trial
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Quarterly,pp. 157-178, 2012.
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Acceptance Models And Theories”, The IRES 17th International Conference, London UK,
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Acceptance of Phablets by DNP”, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2015.
[29] V. Vinnik, “User Adoption of Mobile Applications: Extension of UTAUT2 Model”, Master's
thesis, 2017.
[30] İ. Daştan and C. Gürler, “Factors Affecting the Adoption of Mobile Payment Systems: An
Empirical Analysis”, EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal, 6(1), pp. 17-24,2016.
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Daud, “Correlation Analysis Between Factors Influencing the Usage Intention Of NFC Mobile
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[33] V. Dmitrii, “Determining Factors of Adoption of Digital Device Wallets by Russian Consumers”,
St.Petersburg University,2018.
[34] E. A. Kolog, E. Sutinen, M. Vanhalakka-Ruoho, J. Suhonen and E. Anohah,”Using Unified
Theory of Acceptance And Use of Technology Model to Predict Students’ Behavioural
Intention To Adopt and Use e-counseling in Ghana”, International Journal of Modern Education
and Computer Science, 7(11), pp.1-11,2015.
[35] W. H. Aslam, “Consumer Behavioural Intentions towards Mobile Payment Services: An
Empirical Analysis in Pakistan”. Market-Tržište, 29(2), pp.161-176,2017.
[36] H. Yan and K. Pan, “Examine User Adoption of Mobile Payment Using the TAM: A Trust
Transfer Perspective. WHICEB 2014, 55. AIS Electronic Library”,pp. 402-409,2014.
[37] L. Ismail, M. B. Moya, K. Bwiino and K. Ismael,” Examining Determinants of Behavioural
Intention in Adoption of Mobile Money Transfer Services in Uganda”, ICTACT Journal on
Management Studies, 3(1),pp. 433-439,2017.
[38] M.L. Yeh and Y.L. Tseng,”The College Students’ Behaviour Intention of Using Mobile Payments
In Taiwan: An Exploratory Research”, Proceedings of IASTEM International Conference,
Singapore,pp. 1-6, 2017.
[39] H. Ting, Y. Yacob, L. Liew and W. M. Lau, “ Intention to Use Mobile Payment System: A Case
of Developing Market by Ethnicity” Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, pp.368-375,2016.
[40]S. A. Brown and V. Venkatesh, “Model of Adoption of Technology in Households: A Baseline
Model Test and Extension Incorporating Household Life Cycle”, MIS quarterly, pp. 399-426,2005.
[41] N. Mahomed, “Understanding Consumer Adoption of Cryptocurrencies”,Doctoral dissertation,
University of Pretoria,2017
[42] M. Limayem, S. G. Hirt and C. M. Cheung, “How Habit Limits the Predictive Power of Intention:
The Case of Information Systems Continuance”, MIS quarterly, pp.705-737,2007.
[43] L. Jia, D. Hall and S. Sun, “The Effect of Technology Usage Habits On Consumers’ Intention to
Continue Use Mobile Payments”, Processes, 50(2), . pp179-211,2014.
[44] D. Gefen, “What Makes an ERP Implementation Relationship Worthwhile Linking Trust
Mechanisms and ERP Usefulness”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 21(1), pp.
263-288,2004.
[45]K. Owusu Kwateng, K. A. Osei Atiemo and C. Appiah, “Acceptance and Use of Mobile Banking:
An Application of UTAUT2”, Journal of Enterprise Information Management. 2(1). pp.118-
151,2019.
[46] T. Kautonen, “Trust and New Technologies: Marketing And Management on The Internet and
Mobile Media”, Edward Elgar Publishing,2008.
[47] J. Ribeiro Dos Santos Leal, “Explaining Organizational Adoption of Technology: The Case of
Cloud Platforms for Internet of Things”,University of Jyvaskyla,2015.
Journal of Innovation Management”, JIM, pp.49-57,2015.
[2] V. K. Raina, “Overview of mobile payment: Technologies and Security in Electronic Payment
Systems for Competitive Advantage in e-commerce”, pp. 186-222. IGI Global, 2014.
[3] Maybank. (2017). “Maybank Introduces Cashless Payments Using QR Code - Maybank
QRPay to revolutionise payments in the country”,https://www.maybank.com, Jun 2020.
[4] Z.W. Lee and D.P.T. Khaw, “Transforming Mobile Phones into E-Wallets in Malaysia”, BNM
Quarterly Bulletin,pp. 36-43,2018.
[5] F. Liébana-Cabanillas, I. Ramos de Luna and F. Montoro-Ríos, “Intention to use new mobile
payment systems: A comparative analysis of SMS and NFC Payments”. Economic research,
30(1), pp.892-910,2017.
[6] E. Ramezani, “Mobile Payment. Lecture E-Business Technologies”, BCM1,2018.
[7] V. Mauree and G. Kohli, “The Mobile Money Revolution - Part 1: NFC Mobile Payments”,
Technology Watch Report, International Telecommunication Union (ITU),2013.
[8] Payment System Regulator, “Contactless Mobile Payments: A PSR Report”, London: The
Payment Systems Regulator Limited 2018.
[9] The World Bank, “From Remittances to M-Payments Understanding “Alternative” Means of
Payment within the Common Framework of Retail Payments System Regulation” Washington
DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank,2012.
[10] H. Crompton, J. LaFrance and M. van ‘t Hooft, “QRCodes101. Learning & Leading with
Technology”, 39(8),pp. 22-25,2012.
[11] J. Lu, Z. Yang, L. Li, W. Yuan, L. Li adn C. C. Chang, “ Multiple Schemes for Mobile Payment
Authentication Using QR Code and Visual Cryptography”, Mobile Information Systems. (2017)
1-12,2017.
[12] I. Ajzen and M. (Fishbein, “Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behaviour”, Prentice
Hall, New York,1980.
[13] O. C. Otieno, S. Liyala, B. C. Odongo, S. Abeka and S. Ogara, “Validation of Extended Theory
of Reasoned Action to Predict Mobile Phone Money Usage”, World Journal of Computer
Application and Technology, 6(1), pp. 1-13, 2018.
[14] I. Ajzen, “The Theory of Planned Behaviour. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision
Processes”, 50(2), pp. 179-211,1991.
[15] R. Sharma and R. Mishra, “A Review of Evolution of Theories and Models of Technology
Adoption”. Indore Management. J, 6(2), pp. 17-29,2014.
[16] F. D. Davis,”Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information
technology”, MIS Quarterly, pp. 319-340,1989.
[17] F. Abu, A. R. Yunus, I. A. Majid, J. Jabar, A. Aris, H. Sakidin and A. Ahmad, “Technology
Acceptance Model (TAM): Empowering Smart Customer to Participate in Electricity Supply
System”, The Journal of Technology Management and Technopreneurship (JTMT), 2(1),2014.
[18] L. Powell and H. Wimmer, “ Parental Perceptions and Recommendations of Computing
Majors: A Technology Acceptance Model Approach”, Proceedings of the EDSIG Conference
ISSN, 2473, pp. 3857,2016.
[19] D. Mugo, K. Njagi, B. Chemwei and J. Motanya, “The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
and its Application to the Utilization of Mobile Learning Technologies”, Bri. J. Math. Comput.
Sci, 20(4), pp. 1-8,2017.
[20] U. A. Yucel and Y. Gulbahar, “Technology Acceptance Model: A Review of the Prior
Predictors”, Egitim Bilimleri Fakultesi Dergisi, 46(1), pp. 89,2013.
[21] M. Lescevica, E. Ginters and R. Mazza,”Unified Theory of Acceptance And Use of Technology
(UTAUT) For Market Analysis Of FP7 Choreos Products” Procedia Computer Science, 26, pp.
51-68,2013.
[22] B. Davis, and F. D. Davis,”User Acceptance of Information Technology: Towards a Unified
View”, MIS Quarterly, pp. 425-478,2003.
[23] J. Liebenberg, T. Benade and S. Ellis, “Acceptance of ICT: Applicability of the Unified Theory
of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to South African Students”,The African
Journal of Information Systems, 10(3), pp. 1,2018.
[24] A. J. Algharibi and T. N. Arvanitis, “Adapting the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of
Technology (UTAUT) as a Tool for Validating User Needs on the Implementation of e-Trial
Software Systems”, Proceedings of the 25th BCS Conference on Human-Computer
Interaction, pp. 526-530,2011.
[25] V. Venkatesh, J. Y. Thong, and X. Xu, “Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information
Technology: Extending The Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use of Technology”, MIS
Quarterly,pp. 157-178, 2012.
[26] J. Miladinovic and X. Hong, “A Study on Factors Affecting the Behavioural Intention to use
Mobile Shopping Fashion Apps in Sweden” Jonkoping University,2016.
[27] A. Alomary and J. Woollard, “How is Technology Accepted by Users? A Review of Technology
Acceptance Models And Theories”, The IRES 17th International Conference, London UK,
2015.
[28] C. Y.Huang and Y. S. Kao, “UTAUT2 Based Predictions of Factors Influencing the Technology
Acceptance of Phablets by DNP”, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2015.
[29] V. Vinnik, “User Adoption of Mobile Applications: Extension of UTAUT2 Model”, Master's
thesis, 2017.
[30] İ. Daştan and C. Gürler, “Factors Affecting the Adoption of Mobile Payment Systems: An
Empirical Analysis”, EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal, 6(1), pp. 17-24,2016.
[31] R. Al-Amri, N. Maarop, R. Jamaludin, G. N. Samy, P. Magalingam, N. H. Hassa and S. M.
Daud, “Correlation Analysis Between Factors Influencing the Usage Intention Of NFC Mobile
Wallet Payment”,Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 10(2S), pp. 215-228,2018.
[32] A. Heyman, “Promoting Payment Digitisation in Ghana via Mobile Money”,
https://www.projektor.aau.dk, retrieved on Jun Apr 2017.
[33] V. Dmitrii, “Determining Factors of Adoption of Digital Device Wallets by Russian Consumers”,
St.Petersburg University,2018.
[34] E. A. Kolog, E. Sutinen, M. Vanhalakka-Ruoho, J. Suhonen and E. Anohah,”Using Unified
Theory of Acceptance And Use of Technology Model to Predict Students’ Behavioural
Intention To Adopt and Use e-counseling in Ghana”, International Journal of Modern Education
and Computer Science, 7(11), pp.1-11,2015.
[35] W. H. Aslam, “Consumer Behavioural Intentions towards Mobile Payment Services: An
Empirical Analysis in Pakistan”. Market-Tržište, 29(2), pp.161-176,2017.
[36] H. Yan and K. Pan, “Examine User Adoption of Mobile Payment Using the TAM: A Trust
Transfer Perspective. WHICEB 2014, 55. AIS Electronic Library”,pp. 402-409,2014.
[37] L. Ismail, M. B. Moya, K. Bwiino and K. Ismael,” Examining Determinants of Behavioural
Intention in Adoption of Mobile Money Transfer Services in Uganda”, ICTACT Journal on
Management Studies, 3(1),pp. 433-439,2017.
[38] M.L. Yeh and Y.L. Tseng,”The College Students’ Behaviour Intention of Using Mobile Payments
In Taiwan: An Exploratory Research”, Proceedings of IASTEM International Conference,
Singapore,pp. 1-6, 2017.
[39] H. Ting, Y. Yacob, L. Liew and W. M. Lau, “ Intention to Use Mobile Payment System: A Case
of Developing Market by Ethnicity” Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, pp.368-375,2016.
[40]S. A. Brown and V. Venkatesh, “Model of Adoption of Technology in Households: A Baseline
Model Test and Extension Incorporating Household Life Cycle”, MIS quarterly, pp. 399-426,2005.
[41] N. Mahomed, “Understanding Consumer Adoption of Cryptocurrencies”,Doctoral dissertation,
University of Pretoria,2017
[42] M. Limayem, S. G. Hirt and C. M. Cheung, “How Habit Limits the Predictive Power of Intention:
The Case of Information Systems Continuance”, MIS quarterly, pp.705-737,2007.
[43] L. Jia, D. Hall and S. Sun, “The Effect of Technology Usage Habits On Consumers’ Intention to
Continue Use Mobile Payments”, Processes, 50(2), . pp179-211,2014.
[44] D. Gefen, “What Makes an ERP Implementation Relationship Worthwhile Linking Trust
Mechanisms and ERP Usefulness”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 21(1), pp.
263-288,2004.
[45]K. Owusu Kwateng, K. A. Osei Atiemo and C. Appiah, “Acceptance and Use of Mobile Banking:
An Application of UTAUT2”, Journal of Enterprise Information Management. 2(1). pp.118-
151,2019.
[46] T. Kautonen, “Trust and New Technologies: Marketing And Management on The Internet and
Mobile Media”, Edward Elgar Publishing,2008.
[47] J. Ribeiro Dos Santos Leal, “Explaining Organizational Adoption of Technology: The Case of
Cloud Platforms for Internet of Things”,University of Jyvaskyla,2015.
Published
2020-08-27
How to Cite
A. ROSLI, Nur Fathin et al.
Consumers’ Intention to Use Mobile Payment: A Case of Quick Response (QR) Code Applications.
Mathematical Sciences and Informatics Journal, [S.l.], v. 1, n. 1, p. 20-34, aug. 2020.
ISSN 2735-0703.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/mij/article/view/14166>. Date accessed: 26 mar. 2023.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24191/mij.v1i1.14166.
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