Tuberculosis in Malaysia: An Overview for 2015
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a treatable disease that has been present since ancient times. Until now, TB still remains a global health concern. The study on the burden of TB in terms of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) is not yet widespread in Malaysia. The objective of this study is to describe Malaysia's burden of TB for the year 2015.
Methods: The DALYs were calculated by summing the Years of Life Lost (YLL) with the Years Lived with Disability (YLD) for TB in 2015. The YLL were calculated using the mortality and life expectancy data obtained from Malaysia's Department of Statistics. The YLD were produced using prevalence derived from DISMOD-II software based on incidence data provided by Malaysia's disease notification system. The YLL, YLD, and DALYs for TB were tabulated according to age group and gender.
Results: TB caused 47,736 DALYs, with a higher YLL (71.2%) compared to the YLD (28.8%). Males (69.3%) contributed more DALYs compared to females (30.7%). The working population aged between 25 to 54 years old caused the highest burden (57.4%). The rate of TB burden was highest among those aged 65 years and older (419 DALYs per 100,000 population).
Discussion: Strenuous efforts in TB prevention programmes in workplace settings could be the key to reducing the disease burden among males and the working age groups. Intensified screening of risk factors can potentially alleviate the high mortality and morbidity burden among the elderly.
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