Kecenderungan Keusahawanan dalam Kalangan Pelajar Yang Mengambil Kursus Keusahawanan
Abstract
Dalam era globalisasi kini, bidang keusahawanan amat penting kerana ia bertindak sebagai pemangkin kepada ekonomi dan bina upaya kepada usaha meningkatkan inovasi, kreatif dan daya saing sesebuah negara. Sejajar dengan itu, bidang keusahawanan sangat rancak diperkembangkan di Malaysia melalui sistem pendidikan negara. Objektif utama kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengkaji kecenderungan keusahawanan dalam kalangan pelajar Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Pahang Kampus Jengka. Reka bentuk kajian ini berbentuk deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Kaedah soal selidik telah dipilih sebagai instrumen kajian dengan menggunakan Skala Likert. Data soal selidik dalam kajian ini dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 23.0. Responden kajian terdiri daripada 66 orang pelajar Program Diploma Pengurusan Teknologi Pejabat (BA132) yang dipilih dengan menggunakan persampelan bertuju. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa faktor motivasi merupakan faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan pelajar dalam bidang keusahawanan. Dapatan kajian turut mendapati bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan berdasarkan faktor jantina, tempat tinggal dan latar belakang keluarga dalam mempengaruhi kecenderungan keusahawanan pelajar. Adalah diharapkan kajian ini dapat memberi sedikit-sebanyak input kepada pihak yang berkaitan untuk mengetengahkan satu modul yang terancang bagi menyemarakkan motivasi keusahawan dalam kalangan pelajar.
References
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Bird, B. & Jellinek, M. (1988). The Operation of Entrepreneurial Intention. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 13(2), 21-29.
Birley. S. & Westhead, P. (1994). A Taxonomy of Business Start-Up Reasons and Their Impact on Growth and Size. Journal of Business Venturing, 9: 7-31.
Casson, M. (1985). Entrepreneurship and Dynamics of Foreign Investment. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Chien, D. J., Liang, T. W. & Soon, C. T. (1996). Entrepreneurship Inclination of Singapore Business Students. Journal of Enterprising Culture. 4(2), 209-223.
Chin, Y. W. (2003). Budaya dan Keusahawanan Cina di Malaysia. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Douglas, E. J. & Shepherd, D. A. (2002). Self-Employment as a Career Choice: Attitudes, Entrepreneurial Intentions, and Utility Maximization. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26, 81-90. Diakses daripada: https://doi.org/10.1177/104225870202600305
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Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R.L. & Black, W. C. (1992). Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Multivariate Data Analysis, 326-386. Diakses daripada: https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=3297740
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Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
Krueger Jr., N. F., Reilly, M. D. & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing Models of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15, 411-432.
Diakses daripada: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(98)00033-0
Krueger, N. F. & Carsrud, A. L. (1993). Entrepreneurial Intention: Applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 5, 315-330.
Kuratko, D. F. & Hodgetts, R. M. (1996). Entrepreneurship, a Contemporary Approach. (13th.ed). London: Dryden Press.
Malaysian Academy of SME & Entrepreneurship Development (MASMED). 2022. Our History. Universiti Teknologi MARA. Diakses daripada: https://masmed.uitm.edu.my/index.php/corporate/about-us/history
Moha Asri, A. (1997). Industri kecil di Malaysia: Pembangunan dan Masa Depan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Mohamad Najib, A. G. (1999). Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Johor Bahru: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Mohd Amir Sharifuddin, H. (1983). Bumiputra Entrepreneurship a Study of Loanees in the Malaysian State of Kelantan. A Thesis of Doctor of Philosophy in Business Studies at Massey University, New Zealand.
Mohd Khata, J. & Ahmad Firdaus, A. H. (2012). Kecenderungan Pelajar Tahun Akhir di Institut Kemahiran MARA Terhadap Bidang Keusahawanan. Journal of Educational Management, (5), 16-33.
Mohd Shaffie, A. B. (1991). Metodologi Penyelidikan Edisi Ke-2. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Nor Aishah, B. (2002). Asas Keusahawanan. Fajar Bakti: Polygraphic (M) Sdn. Bhd.
Noraini, M. N. & Norisham, A. R. (2011). Kecenderungan Pelajar-Pelajar Institut Kemahiran MARA (IKM) Johor Bahru Terhadap Bidang Keusahawanan. Johor Bahru: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Norasma, O. & Salmah, I. (2009). Attitude towards Choosing a Career in Entrepreneurship amongst Graduates. Journal European of Social Sciences, 3(10), 419-434.
Norfadhilah, N. & Halimah, H. (2010). Aspirasi Kerjaya Keusahawanan dalam Kalangan Pelajar Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 35(1), 11-17.
Norudin, M., Siti Haryati, S. A. & Nor Aishah, A. G. (2011). Entrepreneurial Intention: Does Malaysian Secondary School Provide the Platform. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian of Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(3): 19-35.
Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Nur Affizah, R. (2020). Masalah Pengangguran dalam Kalangan Graduan Di Malaysia. NGOHub we serve changemakers, Impact Altruism Sdn. Bhd.
Pusat Pembangunan Usahawan Malaysia (MEDEC). (1992). Laporan Tahunan MEDEC Malaysia. Shah Alam: Penerbit ITM.
Ronstadt, R. (1985). The Educated Entrepreneur: A New Era of Entrepreneurship Education is Beginning. American Journal of Small Business, 10(1).
Shaver, K. G. & Scott, L. R. (1991). Person, Process, Choice: The Psychology of New Venture Creation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(2), 23-46. Diakses daripada: https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879201600204
Sheikh Othman, S. S. (2007). Kamus Dewan: Edisi Keempat. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Siti Hawa, M. I. (2009). Kecenderungan Keusahawanan di Kalangan Pelajar Bidang Kejuruteraan di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam di Kawasan Utara Semenanjung Malaysia. Projek Sarjana. Fakulti Sains Pengurusan. Sintok: Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Timmons, J. A. (1994). New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century. 4th. ed. Irwin: University of Michigan.
Van Auken, H., Fry, F. L. & Stephens, P. (2006). The Influence of Role Models on Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 11, 157-167.
Diakses daripada: https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946706000349
Wells, S. J. (1994). Learning and Leadership Development of Women Entrepreneurs: An Exploratory Study. EDD Dissertation, North Carolina State University (0155), 252.
Yep, P. (1985). Keusahawanan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Azwin Darlina, I. @ J., Nor Aishah, B. & Norasmah, O. (2021). Kecenderungan Keusahawanan Terhadap Aspirasi Kerjaya Keusahawanan Atas Talian dalam Kalangan Pelajar Tingkatan 6. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(2), 9-12. Diakses daripada: DOI: https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i2.646
Best, J. W. & Kahn, J. V. (1998). Research in Education. (8th ed). Needham Height, M.A: Allyn & Bacon.
Bird, B. & Jellinek, M. (1988). The Operation of Entrepreneurial Intention. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 13(2), 21-29.
Birley. S. & Westhead, P. (1994). A Taxonomy of Business Start-Up Reasons and Their Impact on Growth and Size. Journal of Business Venturing, 9: 7-31.
Casson, M. (1985). Entrepreneurship and Dynamics of Foreign Investment. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Chien, D. J., Liang, T. W. & Soon, C. T. (1996). Entrepreneurship Inclination of Singapore Business Students. Journal of Enterprising Culture. 4(2), 209-223.
Chin, Y. W. (2003). Budaya dan Keusahawanan Cina di Malaysia. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Douglas, E. J. & Shepherd, D. A. (2002). Self-Employment as a Career Choice: Attitudes, Entrepreneurial Intentions, and Utility Maximization. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26, 81-90. Diakses daripada: https://doi.org/10.1177/104225870202600305
Falck, O. & Woessmann, L. (2010). School Competition and Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: International Evidence Using Historical Catholic Roots of Private Schooling. Institute for the Study of Labor, IZA Discussion Paper No. 5024, 1-22. Diakses daripada: file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/SSRN-id1634491.pdf
Fraenkel, J. R & Wallen, N. E. (1990). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education. McGraw Hill Publishing Co., Princeton Rd., Hightstown, NJ.
Ghazali, D. & Sufean, H. (2016). Metodologi Penyelidikan dalam Pendidikan: Amalan dan Analisis Kajian. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R.L. & Black, W. C. (1992). Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Multivariate Data Analysis, 326-386. Diakses daripada: https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=3297740
Hisrich, R. D. & Peters, M. P. (1998). Entrepreneurship – Starting, Developing and Managing a New Enterprise. (4th. ed). Irwin.
Hornby, A. S. (1986). Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Jabatan Pendidikan Tinggi, Kementerian Pendidikan. (2010). Dasar Pembangunan Keusahawanan Institut Pengajian Tinggi. Kuala Lumpur: Jabatan Pendidikan Tinggi. Diakses daripada: https://jpt.mohe.gov.my/portal/index.php/ms/graduan/44-dasar-pembangunan-keusahawanan
Jacobson, L. S., LaLonde, R. J. & Sullivan, D. G. (1993). Earnings Losses of Displaced Workers. The American Economic Review, 83(4), 685–709. Diakses daripada: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2117574
Johnson, B. R. (1990). Toward a Multidimensional Model of Entrepreneurship: The Case of Achievement Motivation and the Entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 14(3), 39-54.
Kerlinger, F. N. (1973). Foundations of Behavioral Research. Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York.
Kinzer, L. M. (1973). Competition and Entrepreneurship. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL. Diakses daripada: https://www.sjsu.edu/people/john.estill/courses/158-s15/Israel%20Kirzner%20-%20Competition%20And%20Entrepreneurship.pdf
Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
Krueger Jr., N. F., Reilly, M. D. & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing Models of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15, 411-432.
Diakses daripada: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(98)00033-0
Krueger, N. F. & Carsrud, A. L. (1993). Entrepreneurial Intention: Applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 5, 315-330.
Kuratko, D. F. & Hodgetts, R. M. (1996). Entrepreneurship, a Contemporary Approach. (13th.ed). London: Dryden Press.
Malaysian Academy of SME & Entrepreneurship Development (MASMED). 2022. Our History. Universiti Teknologi MARA. Diakses daripada: https://masmed.uitm.edu.my/index.php/corporate/about-us/history
Moha Asri, A. (1997). Industri kecil di Malaysia: Pembangunan dan Masa Depan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Mohamad Najib, A. G. (1999). Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Johor Bahru: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Mohd Amir Sharifuddin, H. (1983). Bumiputra Entrepreneurship a Study of Loanees in the Malaysian State of Kelantan. A Thesis of Doctor of Philosophy in Business Studies at Massey University, New Zealand.
Mohd Khata, J. & Ahmad Firdaus, A. H. (2012). Kecenderungan Pelajar Tahun Akhir di Institut Kemahiran MARA Terhadap Bidang Keusahawanan. Journal of Educational Management, (5), 16-33.
Mohd Shaffie, A. B. (1991). Metodologi Penyelidikan Edisi Ke-2. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Nor Aishah, B. (2002). Asas Keusahawanan. Fajar Bakti: Polygraphic (M) Sdn. Bhd.
Noraini, M. N. & Norisham, A. R. (2011). Kecenderungan Pelajar-Pelajar Institut Kemahiran MARA (IKM) Johor Bahru Terhadap Bidang Keusahawanan. Johor Bahru: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Norasma, O. & Salmah, I. (2009). Attitude towards Choosing a Career in Entrepreneurship amongst Graduates. Journal European of Social Sciences, 3(10), 419-434.
Norfadhilah, N. & Halimah, H. (2010). Aspirasi Kerjaya Keusahawanan dalam Kalangan Pelajar Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 35(1), 11-17.
Norudin, M., Siti Haryati, S. A. & Nor Aishah, A. G. (2011). Entrepreneurial Intention: Does Malaysian Secondary School Provide the Platform. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian of Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(3): 19-35.
Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Nur Affizah, R. (2020). Masalah Pengangguran dalam Kalangan Graduan Di Malaysia. NGOHub we serve changemakers, Impact Altruism Sdn. Bhd.
Pusat Pembangunan Usahawan Malaysia (MEDEC). (1992). Laporan Tahunan MEDEC Malaysia. Shah Alam: Penerbit ITM.
Ronstadt, R. (1985). The Educated Entrepreneur: A New Era of Entrepreneurship Education is Beginning. American Journal of Small Business, 10(1).
Shaver, K. G. & Scott, L. R. (1991). Person, Process, Choice: The Psychology of New Venture Creation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(2), 23-46. Diakses daripada: https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879201600204
Sheikh Othman, S. S. (2007). Kamus Dewan: Edisi Keempat. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Siti Hawa, M. I. (2009). Kecenderungan Keusahawanan di Kalangan Pelajar Bidang Kejuruteraan di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam di Kawasan Utara Semenanjung Malaysia. Projek Sarjana. Fakulti Sains Pengurusan. Sintok: Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Timmons, J. A. (1994). New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century. 4th. ed. Irwin: University of Michigan.
Van Auken, H., Fry, F. L. & Stephens, P. (2006). The Influence of Role Models on Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 11, 157-167.
Diakses daripada: https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946706000349
Wells, S. J. (1994). Learning and Leadership Development of Women Entrepreneurs: An Exploratory Study. EDD Dissertation, North Carolina State University (0155), 252.
Yep, P. (1985). Keusahawanan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Published
2024-11-01
How to Cite
ISMAIL, Normala.
Kecenderungan Keusahawanan dalam Kalangan Pelajar Yang Mengambil Kursus Keusahawanan.
Jurnal Dunia Pengurusan, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 3, p. 1-15, nov. 2024.
ISSN 2682-8251.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jdpg/article/view/28032>. Date accessed: 15 dec. 2024.
Section
Articles
