Gaya Asuhan Paling Dominan Di Kalangan Murid Bidayuh Padawan Berpencapaian Akademik Rendah
Abstract
Ibu bapa masa kini perlu lebih kreatif dalam membuat anjakan paradigma terhadap gaya asuhan supaya relevan dengan keperluan semasa kerana pencapaian akademik dan tahap perkembangan dalam kalangan murid adalah berbeza antara individu. Justeru itu pelbagai program dijalankan di peringkat sekolah bagi membantu murid mencapai tahap penguasaan minimum namun peneguhan dari rumah bermula dari gaya asuhan amat memainkan peranan dalam membantu usaha ini. Oleh itu, satu kajian berbentuk tinjauan deskriptif untuk menilai gaya asuhan paling dominan dalam kalangan murid Bidayuh Padawan yang berpencapaian akademik rendah dijalankan ke atas populasi terpilih berdasarkan persampelan bertujuan. Kaedah pengumpulan data adalah secara kuantitatif. Instrumen soal selidik yang diadaptasi daripada ‘The Parental Authority Questionnaire’ oleh Buri (1991) ditadbir ke atas 93 responden (lelaki dan perempuan) berumur 10 dan 11 tahun daripada 4 buah sekolah rendah kerajaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 23. Pengkaji mendapati bahawa gaya asuhan autoritarian adalah paling dominan terhadap pencapaian akademik rendah di kalangan murid Bidayuh Padawan. Walau bagaimanapun, gaya asuhan jenis autoritatif, permisif dan pengabaian juga diamalkan dalam segelintir kalangan ibu bapa. Dapatan kajian mempunyai nilai kepentingan kepada pihak sekolah, Persatuan Ibu Bapa Guru (PIBG) dan badan bukan kerajaan terutamanya Dayak Bidayuh National Association (DBNA) sebagai asas dalam merangka program pembentukan kesedaran terhadap kepentingan gaya asuhan yang ideal untuk perkembangan kognitif dalam kalangan anak Bidayuh. Pendekatan yang bersesuaian dengan ciri, budaya dan tahap sosio-ekonomi etnik Bidayuh dengan mensasarkan kepentingan terhadap gaya asuhan berkesan berupaya membantu meningkatkan pencapaian akademik.
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