Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) Berdasarkan Model Pendidikan Ibnu Khaldun
Abstract
Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) adalah suatu pendekatan pembelajaran yang menekankan kepada penyelesaian masalah kontekstual dan situasional daripada pengalaman pembelajaran. Artikel ini bertujuan membincangkan mengenai pendekatan pembelajaran berasaskan masalah berdasarkan Model Pendidikan Ibnu Khaldun. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah proses penganalisisan kaedah kualitatif secara kepustakaan bagi memahami prinsip, konsep PBM dan pendekatan pendidikan Ibnu Khaldun. Pelaksanaan Model PBM Ibnu Khaldun merupakan satu inisiatif pendidikan yang menggabungkan prinsip-prinsip pemikiran Ibnu Khaldun dengan pendekatan pembelajaran berasaskan masalah. PBM berdasarkan model Ibnu Khaldun dirancang untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir secara kritis, penyelesaian masalah, pemahaman kontekstual pelajar, penerapan nilai-nilai dan aspek sosial yang diperkenalkan oleh Ibnu Khaldun. Artikel ini ingin memperkenalkan prinsip utama yang menjadi tunggak kepada pendekatan PBM dan juga memperkenalkan pendekatan PBM berdasarkan model pendidikan Ibnu Khaldun, langkah-langkah pelaksanaannya dalam konteks pendidikan moden. Hasil penelitian model pendidikan Ibnu Khaldun ini memiliki implikasi penting bagi mengembangkan pendekatan pembelajaran berasaskan masalah yang dapat merealisasikan pendidikan abad ke-21 serta memperkaya pemahaman pelajar terhadap sejarah serta konteks sosial mereka, dengan penyelesaian terhadap isu dalam situasi sebenar yang berlaku. Kesimpulannya, pelaksanaan model PBM Ibnu Khaldun ini dapat membentuk karakter seseorang pelajar, namun ia memerlukan komitmen yang tinggi daripada pihak pendidik dan pelajar bagi menjayakan pendekatan PBM ini.
References
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Alias, M., & Sulaiman, Y. (2012). The Impact of Instructional Methods on Critical Thinking: A Comparison of Problem-Based Learning and Conventional Approach in Engineering Education. International Scholarly Research Network Education, 1-6.
Aminuddin, M., Haziah, S., & Sharifah Zarina, S. Z., (2019). Creativity and inovation as an indigenous pedagogy method. Journal of Educational Research and Indigenous Studies, 1(1), 1-15.
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Awang, H., & Ramly, I. (2008). Creative Thinking Skill Approach through Problem-Based Learning: Pedagogy and Practice in the Engineering Classroom. International Journal of Human and Social Sciences 3(1): 18-23.
Azura, O., Nor Farizah, T., & Ida Suriana, B. (2012). Project-Based Learning: English Carnival in Universiti Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia France Institute. The English Teacher, 12(1), 27-41.
Barbara, E. H., & Juliana, N. (2009). Review of Learning and Culture Via Public Internet Discussion Forums. Journal of Languange and Learning Technology, 14(2), 17-21.
Barrows, H. S. (1996). Problem‐ Based Learning in Medicine and Beyond: A Brief Overview. New directions for teaching and learning, 68, 3-12.
Barrows, H. S., & Tamblyn, R. M. (1980). Problem-Based Learning - An Approach to Medical Education. New York: Springer.
Boud, D., & Feletti, G. (1997). Changing Problem-based Learning. Introduction to the Secon Edition’, in The Challenge of Problem-based Learning (2nd ed. ms. 1- 14), London: Kogan-Page.
Che Zarrina, S., & Mohd. Kamil, A. M. (2000). Epistemologi Islam Menurut Ibn Khaldun. Jurnal Usuluddin, 12, 73–94.
Cho, K. L., & Jonassen, D. H. (2002). The Effects of Argumentation Scaffolds on Argumentation and Problem Solving. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(3), 5-22.
Dhiauddin, M., & Nurulzzahri, M. (2019). Mazhab Pendidikan Islam Kajian Pemikiran Ibn Khaldun. Malang, Indonesia: Literasi Nusantara.
Duch, B. J., Groh, S. E., & Allen, D. E. (2001). The power of problem-based learning. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
Faaizah, S., & Muliati, S. (2018). Model Hibrid: Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah. Penerbit Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.
Fauzan, A. (2020). Konsep Sosiologi Pendidikan Perspektif Ibnu Khaldun. Malang, Indonesia: Literasi Nusantara.
Fauziah, S. (2011). The Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Online on Students’ Creative and Critical Thinking in Physics at Tertiary Level in Malaysia (Tesis). University of Waikato.
Ferreira, M. M., & Trudel, A. R. (2012). The Impact of Problem Based Learning (PBL) on Student Attitudes toward Science, Problem Solving Skills and Sense of Community in the Classroom. The Journal of Classroom Interaction, 47(1), 23-30.
Fry, H., Ketteridge, S., & Marshal, S. (2009). Understanding student learning. Dlm. Fry, H., Ketteridge, S., & Marshall, S. (Pnyt.). A Handbook for teaching and learning in higher education (ms. 8-26). New York: Routledge Taylors & Francis Group.
Gokhale, A. A. (1995). Collaborative learning enhances critical thinking. Journal of Technology Education, 7(1), 22-30.
Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2004). Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn?. Educational Psychology Review, 16(3), 235-266.
Hoffmann, B., & Ritchie, D. (1997). Using Multimedia to Overcome the Problems with Problem Based Learning. Instructional Science, 25(2), 97-115.
Hussain, O., Berhannudin, M. S., Syed Muhammad Dawilah, A., & Abdullah, S. (2008). Pelaksanaan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Pengalaman (PBM dan PBMBP) bagi Meningkatkan Kemahiran Insaniah Pelajar. Journal of Human Capital Development, 1(1), 61-73.
Ibnu Khaldun. (2002). Mukadimah Ibn Khaldun. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. Malaysia.
Irwan Mahazir, I. & Subramaniam, T. S. (2015). Nilai Tambah dalam Teknologi Elwktronik. Dlm. Alias Malek (Pnyt.). Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (ms. 111-131). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Irwan, M. S., Nursilah, A., Abdul Manan, I. & Azman, A. R. (2007). Penggunaan masalah dalam pembelajaran subjek usul fiqh: satu kajian di Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. Jurnal Syariah, 15(1), 95-114.
Jennifer, A. A. T. P. & Khairul, A. J. (2022). Potensi Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) Dalam Meningkatkan Kemahiran Pembelajaran Menyelesaikan Masalah Dan Cabaran Pelaksanaannya. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan. Vol.4, No. 3, 204-215.
Jonassen, D. H. (1999). Designing Constructivist learning environment. Dlm. C. M. Reigeluth (Pnyt.). Instructional Design Theories and Models Volume II – A New Paradigm of Instructional Theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Jonassen, D. H. (2011). Supporting Problem Solving in PBL. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 5(2), 8.
Jonassen, D. H., & Hernandez-Serrano, J. (2002). Case Based Reasoning and Instructional Design: Using Stories to Support Problem Solving. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(2), 65-77.
Kamarul Azmi, J. & Ab. Halim, T. (2012). Pendidikan Islam Kaedah Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran (Edisi ke-5). Johor: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Krishnan, M., & Ruhizan, M. Y. R. (2009). Problem based learning in Engineering Education at Malaysian polytechnics: A proposal. International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2009, ms. 122-124.
Lian, A. C., & Nor Damsyik, M. S. (2017). Kajian Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) Untuk Kursus Litar Elektronik Dalam Kalangan Pelajar. 4th International Seminar: Innovation For Research Science, Technology & Culture, ms 1-6.
Mohamed Ali, H., Rathakrishnan, M., Salmah, O., & Nor Hanani, I. (2019). Problem Based Learning dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Kursus Kenegaraan Malaysia di Universiti Utara Malaysia. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 4(32), 351-366.
Mohd Aderi, C. N., Normurni, M., Adibah Hasanah, A. H., & Absha Atiah, A. B. (2018). Perlaksanaan Kaedah Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Kaedah Fiqh. Journal of Quran Sunnah Education and Special Needs, 2(2), 14-23.
Mohd Aliff, M. N. (2016). Pembangunan dan Penilaian Modul I-PBL Bagi Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Islam Dalam Kalangan Pelajar (Tesis Doktor Falsafah tidak diterbitkan). Brunei: Universiti Brunei Darussalam.
Mohd Zahirwan, H. Z. A., Pisol, M., Muhammad Yusri, Y., Paiz, H., Hamdi Rahman, M. Y., Abd Munir, M. N., & Muhammad Imran, A. R. (2017). Pandangan Ibnu Khaldun Berkaitan Kaedah Pendidikan Dalam Kitab Al-Muqaddimah. Idealogy, 2(1), 26-35.
Mohd. Nasir, O., & Muda, I. A. R. (2017). Biografi Ibnu Khaldun. Dalam Ahmad Sunawari Long (Editor). Falsafah Ibnu Khaldun (hlm 1-6). Institut Terjemahan & Buku Malaysia.
Muhammad Zulazizi, M. N., Muhammad Amirul, M. N., Mohd Rashidi, O., & Norhisham, M. (2021). Pembacaan Al-Quran dalam Pendidikan Masa Kini: Satu Tinjauan Umum. Jurnal al-Turath. Vol. 6. No. 1. hlm 43-55.
Neville, A. J. (2009). Problem-Based Learning and Medical Education Forty Years on. Medical Principles and Practice, 18(1), 1–9.
Noor Idayu, A. B., Nooreen, N., & Abu Bakar, R. (2019). Effectiveness Of Project-Based Learning In Improving Listening Competency Among ESL Learners At A Malaysian Tvet College. The English Teacher, 48(1), 11-28.
Noorjihan, J., & Ab Halim, T. (2012). Pedagogi Rasulullah SAW dalam Pengajaran. Prosiding Persidangan Kebangsaaan Pendidikan Islam. 3-6 Julai 2012 Hotel Royale Bintang Seremban.
Noridayu, Y., Khadijah, R., & Mohd Aderi, C. N. (2016). Penerapan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) Dalam Kursus Amal Islami. Prosiding Wacana Pendidikan Islam Siri ke-11, 15-16 Novermber 2016, Institut Latihan Islam Malaysia, Bangi.
Norman, G. R., & Schmidt, H. G. (2000). Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning Curricula: Theory, Practice and Paper Darts. Medical education, 34(9), 721-728.
Oliver, R. (1999). Exploring Strategies for Online Teaching and Learning. Distance Education, 20(2), 240-254.
Rohana, H. (2010). Mengenali Manusia Asas Pembangunan Pendidikan Berkualiti. Skudai: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Rose, M. M., David, H. J., Betsy, P., & Steve, L. (2024). Why Problem-Based Learning Works: Theoretical Foundation. Journal on Excellence in College Teaching. Vol.25 No. 3&4.
Salleh, B. M., Othman, H., Esa, A. & Sulaiman, A. (2007). Adopting Problem Based Learning in the Teaching of Engineering Undergraduates: A Malaysian Experience. 3-7.
Savin-Baden, M., & Major, H. C. (2004). Foundations of problem-based learning. Birkshire, England: The Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press.
Sendag, S., & Ferhan Odabasi, H. (2009). Effects of an Online Problem Based Learning Course on Content Knowledge Acquisition and Critical Thinking Skills. Computers & Education 53(1), 132-141.
Sendag, S., & Ferhan Odabasi, H. (2009). Effects of an Online Problem Based Learning Course on Content Knowledge Acquisition and Critical Thinking Skills. Computers & Education 53(1), 132-141.
Shamsina, S., & Akhiar, P. (2015). Pedagogi Pendidikan Islam. Bangi: Pelangi Profesional Publishing.
Tamil Selvan, S. (2015). Pembangunan dan Penilaian Perisian e-PBL Rec untuk Kursus Kejuruteraan. Tesis Doktor Falsafah, Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Tse, W., & Chan, W. (2003). Application of Problem Based Learning in an Engineering Course. International Journal of Engineering Education, 19(5), 747-753.
Tseng, K., Chang, C. C., & Lou, S. J. (2011). The Process, Dialogues, and Attitudes of Vocational Engineering High School Students in a Web Problem Based Learning (WPBL) System. Interactive Learning Enviroment, 20(6), 547-562.
Wan Syafii. (2014). Keberkesanan Penggunaan Modul Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Biologi di Sekolah Menengah (Tesis Doktor Falsafah tidak diterbitkan). Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Yusof, K. M., Tasir, Z., Harun, J. & Helmi, S. A. (2005). Promoting Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Engineering Courses at the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Global J. of Engng. Educ 9(2): 175-184.
Ab. Halim, T. (2014). 5 mim: Peranan dan jati diri guru. Kertas kerja Konvensyen Sekolah-Sekolah Agama Menengah Tahfiz Aliran Sains Peringkat Kebangsaan Kali ke-5. Anjuran Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor, KUIS & UNISEL, Hotel Carlton Holiday. Shah Alam, 20 November.
Abdul Munir, M. N. (2010). Falsafah Pendidikan Menurut Ibn Khaldun dan John Dewey: Kajian Perbandingan (Tesis Sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan). Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya.
Abdullah Muhammad Basmeih. (2016). Tafsir Pimpinan Ar-Rahman kepada Pengertian Al-Quran. Selangor: Darul Fikir.
Alias, M. (2015). Proses Efektif Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah. Dlm. Alias Malek (Pnyt.). Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (ms.39-49). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Alias, M., & Sulaiman, Y. (2012). The Impact of Instructional Methods on Critical Thinking: A Comparison of Problem-Based Learning and Conventional Approach in Engineering Education. International Scholarly Research Network Education, 1-6.
Aminuddin, M., Haziah, S., & Sharifah Zarina, S. Z., (2019). Creativity and inovation as an indigenous pedagogy method. Journal of Educational Research and Indigenous Studies, 1(1), 1-15.
Asy-Sya’rawi, S. M. M. (2013). Sejarah dan Kisah Nabi- Nabi dalam Al-Quran. Terjemahan Muhammad Zuhirsyan & Suhendri Irandi. Selangor: Jasmin Publications Sdn Bhd.
Awang, H., & Ramly, I. (2008). Creative Thinking Skill Approach through Problem-Based Learning: Pedagogy and Practice in the Engineering Classroom. International Journal of Human and Social Sciences 3(1): 18-23.
Azura, O., Nor Farizah, T., & Ida Suriana, B. (2012). Project-Based Learning: English Carnival in Universiti Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia France Institute. The English Teacher, 12(1), 27-41.
Barbara, E. H., & Juliana, N. (2009). Review of Learning and Culture Via Public Internet Discussion Forums. Journal of Languange and Learning Technology, 14(2), 17-21.
Barrows, H. S. (1996). Problem‐ Based Learning in Medicine and Beyond: A Brief Overview. New directions for teaching and learning, 68, 3-12.
Barrows, H. S., & Tamblyn, R. M. (1980). Problem-Based Learning - An Approach to Medical Education. New York: Springer.
Boud, D., & Feletti, G. (1997). Changing Problem-based Learning. Introduction to the Secon Edition’, in The Challenge of Problem-based Learning (2nd ed. ms. 1- 14), London: Kogan-Page.
Che Zarrina, S., & Mohd. Kamil, A. M. (2000). Epistemologi Islam Menurut Ibn Khaldun. Jurnal Usuluddin, 12, 73–94.
Cho, K. L., & Jonassen, D. H. (2002). The Effects of Argumentation Scaffolds on Argumentation and Problem Solving. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(3), 5-22.
Dhiauddin, M., & Nurulzzahri, M. (2019). Mazhab Pendidikan Islam Kajian Pemikiran Ibn Khaldun. Malang, Indonesia: Literasi Nusantara.
Duch, B. J., Groh, S. E., & Allen, D. E. (2001). The power of problem-based learning. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
Faaizah, S., & Muliati, S. (2018). Model Hibrid: Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah. Penerbit Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.
Fauzan, A. (2020). Konsep Sosiologi Pendidikan Perspektif Ibnu Khaldun. Malang, Indonesia: Literasi Nusantara.
Fauziah, S. (2011). The Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Online on Students’ Creative and Critical Thinking in Physics at Tertiary Level in Malaysia (Tesis). University of Waikato.
Ferreira, M. M., & Trudel, A. R. (2012). The Impact of Problem Based Learning (PBL) on Student Attitudes toward Science, Problem Solving Skills and Sense of Community in the Classroom. The Journal of Classroom Interaction, 47(1), 23-30.
Fry, H., Ketteridge, S., & Marshal, S. (2009). Understanding student learning. Dlm. Fry, H., Ketteridge, S., & Marshall, S. (Pnyt.). A Handbook for teaching and learning in higher education (ms. 8-26). New York: Routledge Taylors & Francis Group.
Gokhale, A. A. (1995). Collaborative learning enhances critical thinking. Journal of Technology Education, 7(1), 22-30.
Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2004). Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn?. Educational Psychology Review, 16(3), 235-266.
Hoffmann, B., & Ritchie, D. (1997). Using Multimedia to Overcome the Problems with Problem Based Learning. Instructional Science, 25(2), 97-115.
Hussain, O., Berhannudin, M. S., Syed Muhammad Dawilah, A., & Abdullah, S. (2008). Pelaksanaan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Pengalaman (PBM dan PBMBP) bagi Meningkatkan Kemahiran Insaniah Pelajar. Journal of Human Capital Development, 1(1), 61-73.
Ibnu Khaldun. (2002). Mukadimah Ibn Khaldun. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. Malaysia.
Irwan Mahazir, I. & Subramaniam, T. S. (2015). Nilai Tambah dalam Teknologi Elwktronik. Dlm. Alias Malek (Pnyt.). Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (ms. 111-131). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Irwan, M. S., Nursilah, A., Abdul Manan, I. & Azman, A. R. (2007). Penggunaan masalah dalam pembelajaran subjek usul fiqh: satu kajian di Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. Jurnal Syariah, 15(1), 95-114.
Jennifer, A. A. T. P. & Khairul, A. J. (2022). Potensi Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) Dalam Meningkatkan Kemahiran Pembelajaran Menyelesaikan Masalah Dan Cabaran Pelaksanaannya. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan. Vol.4, No. 3, 204-215.
Jonassen, D. H. (1999). Designing Constructivist learning environment. Dlm. C. M. Reigeluth (Pnyt.). Instructional Design Theories and Models Volume II – A New Paradigm of Instructional Theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Jonassen, D. H. (2011). Supporting Problem Solving in PBL. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 5(2), 8.
Jonassen, D. H., & Hernandez-Serrano, J. (2002). Case Based Reasoning and Instructional Design: Using Stories to Support Problem Solving. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(2), 65-77.
Kamarul Azmi, J. & Ab. Halim, T. (2012). Pendidikan Islam Kaedah Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran (Edisi ke-5). Johor: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Krishnan, M., & Ruhizan, M. Y. R. (2009). Problem based learning in Engineering Education at Malaysian polytechnics: A proposal. International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2009, ms. 122-124.
Lian, A. C., & Nor Damsyik, M. S. (2017). Kajian Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) Untuk Kursus Litar Elektronik Dalam Kalangan Pelajar. 4th International Seminar: Innovation For Research Science, Technology & Culture, ms 1-6.
Mohamed Ali, H., Rathakrishnan, M., Salmah, O., & Nor Hanani, I. (2019). Problem Based Learning dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Kursus Kenegaraan Malaysia di Universiti Utara Malaysia. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 4(32), 351-366.
Mohd Aderi, C. N., Normurni, M., Adibah Hasanah, A. H., & Absha Atiah, A. B. (2018). Perlaksanaan Kaedah Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Kaedah Fiqh. Journal of Quran Sunnah Education and Special Needs, 2(2), 14-23.
Mohd Aliff, M. N. (2016). Pembangunan dan Penilaian Modul I-PBL Bagi Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Islam Dalam Kalangan Pelajar (Tesis Doktor Falsafah tidak diterbitkan). Brunei: Universiti Brunei Darussalam.
Mohd Zahirwan, H. Z. A., Pisol, M., Muhammad Yusri, Y., Paiz, H., Hamdi Rahman, M. Y., Abd Munir, M. N., & Muhammad Imran, A. R. (2017). Pandangan Ibnu Khaldun Berkaitan Kaedah Pendidikan Dalam Kitab Al-Muqaddimah. Idealogy, 2(1), 26-35.
Mohd. Nasir, O., & Muda, I. A. R. (2017). Biografi Ibnu Khaldun. Dalam Ahmad Sunawari Long (Editor). Falsafah Ibnu Khaldun (hlm 1-6). Institut Terjemahan & Buku Malaysia.
Muhammad Zulazizi, M. N., Muhammad Amirul, M. N., Mohd Rashidi, O., & Norhisham, M. (2021). Pembacaan Al-Quran dalam Pendidikan Masa Kini: Satu Tinjauan Umum. Jurnal al-Turath. Vol. 6. No. 1. hlm 43-55.
Neville, A. J. (2009). Problem-Based Learning and Medical Education Forty Years on. Medical Principles and Practice, 18(1), 1–9.
Noor Idayu, A. B., Nooreen, N., & Abu Bakar, R. (2019). Effectiveness Of Project-Based Learning In Improving Listening Competency Among ESL Learners At A Malaysian Tvet College. The English Teacher, 48(1), 11-28.
Noorjihan, J., & Ab Halim, T. (2012). Pedagogi Rasulullah SAW dalam Pengajaran. Prosiding Persidangan Kebangsaaan Pendidikan Islam. 3-6 Julai 2012 Hotel Royale Bintang Seremban.
Noridayu, Y., Khadijah, R., & Mohd Aderi, C. N. (2016). Penerapan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) Dalam Kursus Amal Islami. Prosiding Wacana Pendidikan Islam Siri ke-11, 15-16 Novermber 2016, Institut Latihan Islam Malaysia, Bangi.
Norman, G. R., & Schmidt, H. G. (2000). Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning Curricula: Theory, Practice and Paper Darts. Medical education, 34(9), 721-728.
Oliver, R. (1999). Exploring Strategies for Online Teaching and Learning. Distance Education, 20(2), 240-254.
Rohana, H. (2010). Mengenali Manusia Asas Pembangunan Pendidikan Berkualiti. Skudai: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Rose, M. M., David, H. J., Betsy, P., & Steve, L. (2024). Why Problem-Based Learning Works: Theoretical Foundation. Journal on Excellence in College Teaching. Vol.25 No. 3&4.
Salleh, B. M., Othman, H., Esa, A. & Sulaiman, A. (2007). Adopting Problem Based Learning in the Teaching of Engineering Undergraduates: A Malaysian Experience. 3-7.
Savin-Baden, M., & Major, H. C. (2004). Foundations of problem-based learning. Birkshire, England: The Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press.
Sendag, S., & Ferhan Odabasi, H. (2009). Effects of an Online Problem Based Learning Course on Content Knowledge Acquisition and Critical Thinking Skills. Computers & Education 53(1), 132-141.
Sendag, S., & Ferhan Odabasi, H. (2009). Effects of an Online Problem Based Learning Course on Content Knowledge Acquisition and Critical Thinking Skills. Computers & Education 53(1), 132-141.
Shamsina, S., & Akhiar, P. (2015). Pedagogi Pendidikan Islam. Bangi: Pelangi Profesional Publishing.
Tamil Selvan, S. (2015). Pembangunan dan Penilaian Perisian e-PBL Rec untuk Kursus Kejuruteraan. Tesis Doktor Falsafah, Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Tse, W., & Chan, W. (2003). Application of Problem Based Learning in an Engineering Course. International Journal of Engineering Education, 19(5), 747-753.
Tseng, K., Chang, C. C., & Lou, S. J. (2011). The Process, Dialogues, and Attitudes of Vocational Engineering High School Students in a Web Problem Based Learning (WPBL) System. Interactive Learning Enviroment, 20(6), 547-562.
Wan Syafii. (2014). Keberkesanan Penggunaan Modul Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Biologi di Sekolah Menengah (Tesis Doktor Falsafah tidak diterbitkan). Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Yusof, K. M., Tasir, Z., Harun, J. & Helmi, S. A. (2005). Promoting Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Engineering Courses at the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Global J. of Engng. Educ 9(2): 175-184.
Published
2024-09-01
How to Cite
YUSOFF, Ahmad Fkrudin Mohamed; SULAIMAN, Norhaslina; WAN HAMAT, Wan Norina.
Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) Berdasarkan Model Pendidikan Ibnu Khaldun.
Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 3, p. 77-95, sep. 2024.
ISSN 2682-826X.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jdpd/article/view/27519>. Date accessed: 11 oct. 2024.
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Articles
