Pengintegrasian STEM dalam Pembelajaran dan Pemudahcaraan (PdPc) Matematik: Sorotan Literatur Bersistematik
Abstract
Abstrak: Pengintegrasian STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) melibatkan gabungan empat disiplin ilmu, iaitu sains, teknologi, kejuruteraan dan matematik dalam suatu pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Pengintegrasian STEM dalam pengajaran Matematik adalah penting kerana pelajar dapat dilatih untuk mengaplikasikan konsep bagi empat subjek melalui aktiviti yang bermakna. Murid berpeluang membina pengetahuan melalui kerjasama dengan rakan dan aktiviti hands-on seperti menggunakan alat teknologi dan menghasilkan sesuatu produk. Namun begitu, didapati bahawa pelajar kurang berminat terhadap subjek STEM. Selain itu, timbul isu bahawa guru menghadapi kesukaran untuk mengintegrasikan STEM dalam pengajaran. Melalui analisis, kajian sedia ada mengenai pengintegrasian STEM dalam pengajaran Matematik masih belum mencukupi untuk menjalankan kajian secara sistematik literatur. Perkara ini menyerlahkan kajian literatur bersistematik ini yang bertujuan untuk meninjau pengintegrasian STEM dalam pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan (PdPc) Matematik. Kajian menggunakan dua pangkalan data, iaitu Scopus dan ERIC untuk mencari artikel jurnal dari tahun 2019 hingga 2023. Data pencarian dianalisis melalui kaedah Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Beberapa kriteria pemilihan telah ditetapkan sebelum menyaring dan menapis artikel jurnal. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat 18 buah artikel jurnal yang memenuhi kriteria yang ditetapkan. Dapatan kajian dianalisis melalui dua aspek, iaitu strategi dan aktiviti pengintegrasian STEM serta cabaran pengintegrasian STEM dalam PdPc Matematik. Bagi cadangan kajian pada masa hadapan, penelitian yang mendalam harus ditumpukan pada aspek pengintegrasian STEM dalam PdPc Matematik. Penelitian ini adalah bermakna kerana dipercayai dapat meningkatkan kualiti pembelajaran matematik dan pencapaian matematik secara komporehensif.
Kata Kunci: pengintegrasian, STEM, pendidikan Matematik, sorotan literatur bersistematik
Abstract: Integration of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) is an approach that combining four subjects, which include science, technology, engineering and mathematics in teaching and learning process. Integration of STEM in mathematical instruction enables students to apply the concept learnt in four subjects through meaningful activities. Students have the opportunities to construct their own knowledge by cooperating with their friends and carrying out hands-on activities such as using technology tools and creating new products. However, research shows that students are often less interest in STEM subjects. Besides, teachers found that it is a difficult task for them to implement STEM in mathematical learning process. Existing studies are insufficient to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the integration of STEM in mathematical teaching and learning process. This emphasizes the importance of this study, which intends to conduct a systematic literature review based on the issue. Two main databases, Scopus and ERIC are used to search relevant articles from year 2019 to 2023. This study use The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique to examine the searched data. Only 18 articles fulfill the requirement and selecting criteria. The findings can be categorized into STEM-integrated strategies or activities and challenges in implementing STEM-integrated activities for further investigation. Future research need to focus more on these aspects in order to improve the quality of students’ learning process and their achievement in Mathematics.
Keywords: Integration, STEM, Mathematics Education, Systematic Literature Review
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