Penggunaan Pentaksiran Tingkah Laku Fungsional (FBA) Dalam Kalangan Guru Program Pendidikan Khas Integrasi (PPKI)
Abstract
Abstrak: Pentaksiran tingkah laku fungsional (FBA) adalah satu kaedah yang sering digunakan oleh pendidik untuk mengurangkan tingkah laku bermasalah dalam kalangan MBPK. Tujuan kajian adalah untuk melihat tahap penggunaan FBA dalam kalangan guru Program Pendidikan Khas Integrasi (PPKI) serta mengkaji perbezaannya berdasarkan faktor demografi. Kajian juga akan mengkaji hubungan antara tahap penggunaan FBA dengan persepsi guru terhadap keberkesanan kaedah pengurusan tingkah laku yang digunakan. Kajian ini adalah kajian tinjauan yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 217 orang guru PPKI sekolah rendah yang berkhidmat di negeri Melaka. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah borang soal selidik. Data daripada soal selidik dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif, Anova satu hala dan korelasi Pearson. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa tahap penggunaan FBA dalam kalangan guru PPKI adalah pada tahap sederhana tinggi. Tidak terdapat perbezaan yang siginifikan dalam tahap penggunaan FBA berdasarkan pengalaman guru PPKI mengajar dalam bidang pendidikan khas. Analisis korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan linear positif yang sederhana dan signifikan antara tahap penggunaan FBA dengan persepsi guru PPKI terhadap keberkesanan kaedah pengurusan tingkah laku yang digunakan. Program pembangunan profesional dicadangkan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan penggunaan FBA dalam kalangan guru pendidikan khas. Kesimpulannya, tahap penggunaan FBA dalam kalangan guru PPKI perlu dipertingkatkan lagi.
Abstract: Functional behavior assessment (FBA) is a method often used by educators to reduce challenging behavior among students with special needs. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of FBA among teachers in the Special Integration Education Program (PPKI) and also identify the differences based on demographic factors. The relationship between the use of FBA and teacher's perception on the effectiveness of behavior management was also studied. The survey research used a quantitative method. The study sample consisted 217 PPKI primary school teachers in the state of Melaka. The instrument used is questionnaire. Data from the questionnaire were analysed by using descriptive statistics, one-way Anova and Pearson's correlation. Findings show that the use of FBA among PPKI primary school teachers in the state of Melaka is at a medium-high level. The researcher also finds that there was no significant difference in the mean of the usage of FBA among teachers on the experience of PPKI teachers teaching in special education. Pearson's correlation analysis showed a moderate and significant positive linear relationship between the usage of FBA knowledge and the perception of PPKI teachers on the effectiveness of behavior management. A professional development program is suggested to increase the knowledge and use of FBA among special education teachers. In conclusion, the use of FBA among PPKI teachers needs to be improve.
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