Transformational Leadership's Moderating Role on Employee Turnover Intention: A Conceptual Model for Organizational Retention
Abstract
This research being investigated examines the moderating effect of transformational leadership on employee turnover intention, focusing on how it enhances job satisfaction and organizational commitment to reduce turnover. Based on theories from organizational behavior and human resource management, this paper develops a conceptual model that demonstrates how transformational leadership influences key organizational variables to improve employee retention. The findings provide practical recommendations for managers on how leadership development programs can increase employee satisfaction and commitment, thereby mitigating turnover risk. The model is applicable to organizations operating in high-stress environments or with limited resources, offering broad relevance across various sectors.
References
Abu Orabi, T., Al-Hyari, H. S. a. M., Almomani, H. M., Ababne, A., Abu Huson, Y., Ahmed, E., & Albanna, H. (2024). A bibliometric review of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in businesses area literatures. Human Systems Management(Preprint), 1-23.
Afshari, L. (2023). Identification through meaning-making: identity enactment towards organizational commitment. Human Resource Development International, 26(1), 7-28.
Agustina, R., Yusuf, M., Sutiyan, O. S. J., Ardianto, R., & Norvadewi, N. (2024). Employee Performance Mediated Quality Of Work Life Relationship Satisfaction On The Job And Organizational Commitment. Jurnal Darma Agung, 30(2), 589-605.
Al-Refaei, A. A.-A. H., Ali, H. M., Aldaba, A. M., & Zumrah, A. R. (2024). Determinants of customer-perceived service quality in higher education: the roles of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 16(1), 1-18.
Alanazi, N. H., Alshamlani, Y., & Baker, O. G. (2023). The association between nurse managers’ transformational leadership and quality of patient care: A systematic review. International Nursing Review, 70(2), 175-184.
Ali, B. (2024). What we know about transformational leadership in tourism and hospitality: a systematic review and future agenda. The Service Industries Journal, 44(1-2), 105-147.
Antony, D. A. J., Arulandu, S., & Parayitam, S. (2024). Gender and experience as moderators between talent management and turnover intention among faculty members in higher educational institutions in India. The Learning Organization, 31(4), 526-546.
Asbari, M. (2024). The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Structure and Learning Culture on School Innovation Capacity. PROFESOR: Professional Education Studies and Operations Research, 1(02), 22-32.
Bagga, S. K., Gera, S., & Haque, S. N. (2023). The mediating role of organizational culture: Transformational leadership and change management in virtual teams. Asia Pacific Management Review, 28(2), 120-131.
Borde, P. S., Arora, R., & Kakoty, S. (2024). Linkages of organizational commitment and leadership styles: a systematic review. European Journal of Training and Development, 48(1/2), 41-66.
Chauhan, R. S., Howe, D. C., & Nachmias, S. (2023). Organizational commitment: an ever-shifting concept forever changed by COVID-19. Human Resource Development International, 26(2), 232-239.
Cheah, J. S., & Lim, K.-H. (2024). Effects of internal and external corporate social responsibility on employee job satisfaction during a pandemic: A medical device industry perspective. European management journal, 42(4), 584-594.
Dreer, B. (2024). Teachers’ well-being and job satisfaction: The important role of positive emotions in the workplace. Educational Studies, 50(1), 61-77.
Fleischer, J., & Wanckel, C. (2024). Job satisfaction and the digital transformation of the public sector: The mediating role of job autonomy. Review of public personnel administration, 44(3), 431-452.
Galanis, P., Moisoglou, I., Katsiroumpa, A., Vraka, I., Siskou, O., Konstantakopoulou, O., & Kaitelidou, D. (2024). Moral Resilience Reduces Levels of Quiet Quitting, Job Burnout, and Turnover Intention among Nurses: Evidence in the Post COVID-19 Era. Nursing Reports, 14(1), 254-266.
Ghorbani, A., Mohammadi, N., Rooddehghan, Z., Bakhshi, F., & Nasrabadi, A. N. (2023). Transformational leadership in development of transformative education in nursing: a qualitative study. BMC nursing, 22(1), 1-10.
Hadi, S., Hakim, S., Setyawati, K., Wahdiniawati, S. A., & Syafri, M. (2024). Analysis Of The Influence Of Job Satisfaction, Work Discipline And Organizational Culture On Performance Of State Civil Apparatus In Ministry Offices. JEMSI (Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi), 10(1), 599-605.
Hameli, K., Çollaku, L., & Ukaj, L. (2024). The impact of job burnout on job satisfaction and intention to change occupation among accountants: the mediating role of psychological well-being. Industrial and Commercial Training, 56(1), 24-40.
Hilton, S. K., Madilo, W., Awaah, F., & Arkorful, H. (2023). Dimensions of transformational leadership and organizational performance: the mediating effect of job satisfaction. Management Research Review, 46(1), 1-19.
Ho, H. C., Hou, W. K., Poon, K.-T., Leung, A. N., & Kwan, J. L. (2023). Being virtuous together: A one-year prospective study on organizational virtuousness, well-being, and organizational commitment. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 18(1), 521-542.
Hur, H., & Abner, G. (2024). What makes public employees want to leave their job? A meta‐analysis of turnover intention predictors among public sector employees. Public Administration Review, 84(1), 115-142.
Indrayani, I., Nurhatisyah, N., Damsar, D., & Wibisono, C. (2024). How does millennial employee job satisfaction affect performance? Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 14(1), 22-40.
Itzchakov, G., Weinstein, N., & Cheshin, A. (2023). Learning to listen: Downstream effects of listening training on employees' relatedness, burnout, and turnover intentions. Human Resource Management, 62(4), 565-580.
Jamal, M. T., Anwar, I., Khan, N. A., & Ahmad, G. (2024). How do teleworkers escape burnout? A moderated-mediation model of the job demands and turnover intention. International Journal of Manpower, 45(1), 169-199.
Jiang, S., Jiang, C., & Cheng, Y. (2023). Working overtime in social work settings: Associations with burnout, person-organization value congruence and turnover intentions among Chinese social workers. Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership & Governance, 47(1), 28-41.
Juyumaya, J., & Torres, J. P. (2023). Effects of transformational leadership and work engagement on managers’ creative performance. Baltic Journal of Management, 18(1), 34-53.
Khan, N. A., Bahadur, W., Ramzan, M., & Pravdina, N. (2024). Turning the tide: an impact of leader empowering behavior on employees' work–family conflict, spillover and turnover intention in tourism. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 45(2), 353-373.
Kilag, O. K., Malbas, M., Nengasca, M. K., Longakit, L. J., Celin, L., Pasigui, R., & Valenzona, M. A. V. (2024). Transformational leadership and educational innovation. International Multidisciplinary Journal of Research for Innovation, Sustainability, and Excellence (IMJRISE), 1(1), 110-114.
Kılınç, A. Ç., Polatcan, M., Savaş, G., & Er, E. (2024). How transformational leadership influences teachers’ commitment and innovative practices: Understanding the moderating role of trust in principal. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 52(2), 455-474.
Kurniawan, A. W., Rauf, D. I., & Arif, H. M. (2023). Efforts to Improve Performance in Managing Regional Finance Through Human Resources, Organizational Culture And Organizational COMMITMENT. Journal Management & Economics Review (JUMPER), 1(1), 33-38.
Kyei-Frimpong, M., Kodwo Amoako, E., Akwetey-Siaw, B., Owusu Boakye, K., Nyarko Adu, I., Suleman, A.-R., & Abdul Bawa, A. (2024). Employee empowerment and organizational commitment among employees of star-rated hotels in Ghana: does perceived supervisor support matter? Journal of Work-Applied Management, 16(1), 65-83.
Latifah, I. N., Suhendra, A. A., & Mufidah, I. (2024). Factors affecting job satisfaction and employee performance: a case study in an Indonesian sharia property companies. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 73(3), 719-748.
Ly, B. (2024). Inclusion leadership and employee work engagement: The role of organizational commitment in Cambodian public organization. Asia Pacific Management Review, 29(1), 44-52.
Madi Odeh, R. B., Obeidat, B. Y., Jaradat, M. O., Masa'deh, R. e., & Alshurideh, M. T. (2023). The transformational leadership role in achieving organizational resilience through adaptive cultures: the case of Dubai service sector. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 72(2), 440-468.
Malik, N. (2023). Does employee trust matter? Measuring the effect of work engagement on turnover intention in the banking sector. Journal of Accounting and Investment, 24(2), 557-568.
Martínez-Falcó, J., Sánchez-García, E., Marco-Lajara, B., & Millan-Tudela, L. A. (2024). Do organizational commitment and consumer satisfaction mediate the relationship corporate social responsibility-sustainable performance? Assessing happiness management in Spanish wineries. Management Decision, 62(2), 643-664.
Mensah, C., Baah, N. G., Nutsugbodo, R. Y., & Ankor, A. (2023). Work leisure conflict, job stress, life satisfaction and turnover intention of hotel workers in Accra, Ghana. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 22(3), 396-416.
Muhamad, L. F., Bakti, R., Febriyantoro, M. T., Kraugusteeliana, K., & Ausat, A. M. A. (2023). DO INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT CREATE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW. Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(1), 713-717.
Nguyen, V. Q., Turner, N., Barling, J., Axtell, C. M., & Davies, S. (2023). Reconciling general transformational leadership and safety-specific transformational leadership: A paradox perspective. Journal of safety research, 84, 435-447.
Noesgaard, M. S., & Jørgensen, F. (2024). Building organizational commitment through cognitive and relational job crafting. European management journal, 42(3), 348-357.
Noori, A. Q., Orfan, S. N., & Noori, N. (2023). Principals’ transformational leadership and teachers’ emotional intelligence: A cross-sectional study of Takhar high schools, Afghanistan. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 1-16.
Özkan, A. H. (2023). Organizational justice perceptions and turnover intention: a meta-analytic review. Kybernetes, 52(8), 2886-2899.
Peltokorpi, V., Allen, D. G., & Shipp, A. J. (2023). Time to leave? The interaction of temporal focus and turnover intentions in explaining voluntary turnover behaviour. Applied Psychology, 72(1), 297-316.
Pepple, D. G., Akinsowon, P., & Oyelere, M. (2023). Employee commitment and turnover intention: perspectives from the Nigerian public sector. Public Organization Review, 23(2), 739-757.
Pham, H. T., Pham, T., Truong Quang, H., & Dang, C. N. (2023). Impact of transformational leadership on green learning and green innovation in construction supply chains. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 30(5), 1883-1901.
Pimenta, S., Duarte, A. P., & Simões, E. (2024). How socially responsible human resource management fosters work engagement: the role of perceived organizational support and affective organizational commitment. Social Responsibility Journal, 20(2), 326-343.
Pinnington, A., Mir, F. A., & Ai, Z. (2024). The significance of general skills training for early career graduates: relationships with perceived organizational support, job satisfaction and turnover intention. European Journal of Training and Development, 48(7/8), 705-729.
Pudjowati, J., Cakranegara, P. A., Pesik, I. M., Yusuf, M., & Sutaguna, I. N. T. (2024). The Influence Of Employee Competence And Leadership On The Organizational Commitment Of Perumda Pasar Juara Employees. Jurnal Darma Agung, 30(2), 606-613.
Purwanto, A., Fahmi, K., & Sulaiman, A. (2023). Linking of Transformational Leadership, Learning Culture, Organizational Structure and School Innovation Capacity: CB SEM AMOS Analysis. Journal of Information Systems and Management (JISMA), 2(3), 1-8.
Ramli, A., Mundzir, M., Suprianto, G., Ashadi, F., & Arifudin, O. (2024). Analysis of the Influence of Organizational Commitment on Work Discipline of Public High School Teachers. Journal on Education, 6(2), 12927-12934.
Räsänen, K., Pietarinen, J., Väisänen, P., Pyhältö, K., & Soini, T. (2024). Experienced burnout and teacher–working environment fit: A comparison of teacher cohorts with or without persistent turnover intentions. Research Papers in Education, 39(2), 277-300.
Rasheed, R., Halawi, A. H., Hussainy, S. S., & Al Balushi, A. (2024). Perceived Overqualification and Turnover Intention in Nationalised Banks: Examining the Role of Employee Wellbeing. EVOLUTIONARY STUDIES IN IMAGINATIVE CULTURE, 580-593.
Rojak, J. A., Sanaji, S., Witjaksono, A. D., & Kistyanto, A. (2024). The influence of transformational leadership and organizational culture on employee performance. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 5(1), 977-990.
Schwarz, G., Newman, A., Yu, J., & Michaels, V. (2023). Psychological entitlement and organizational citizenship behaviors: The roles of employee involvement climate and affective organizational commitment. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(1), 197-222.
Shahriari, M., Tajmir Riahi, M., Azizan, O., & Rasti-Barzoki, M. (2023). The effect of green organizational culture on organizational commitment: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 33(2), 180-197.
Shatila, K., Agyei, F. B., & Aloulou, W. J. (2024). Impact of transformational leadership on leadership effectiveness: the mediating effect of emotional skills in the Lebanese small and medium-sized enterprises context. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 18(4), 857-878.
Smith, S., Lapkin, S., Halcomb, E., & Sim, J. (2023). Job satisfaction among small rural hospital nurses: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of nursing scholarship, 55(1), 378-387.
Soeprapto, A., Tawil, M. R., Naim, S., Buamonabot, I., & Thahrim, M. (2024). Analysis Of The Effect Of Job Satisfaction And Tenure On Turnover Intention. Jurnal Ekonomi, 13(03), 517-523.
Soomro, B. A., Zehri, A. W., Anwar, S., Abdelwahed, N. A. A., & Shah, N. (2024). Developing the relationship between corporate cultural factors and employees' organizational commitment via self-efficacy. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 13(3), 325-347.
Susanto, P. C., Agusinta, L., Setyawati, A., & Panjaitan, A. R. P. (2023). Determinant Organization Commitment and Development Organization: Analysis Servant Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership. Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(3), 541-558.
Tabak, F., Shkoler, O., Lebron, M., & Rabenu, E. (2024). Team-member and leader-member exchange, engagement, and turnover intentions: implications for human resource development. Human Resource Development International, 27(2), 169-194.
Tran, Q. H. N. (2023). Exploring relationships among work–family interfaces, organizational commitment, organizational justice and occupational stress in Vietnamese state organizations. Industrial and Commercial Training, 55(2), 157-171.
Wang, J., Zhang, Q., & Ye, Y. (2023). The Impact of Supervisor Support on Preschool Teachers’ Resignation Intention in Guangzhou, China: The Mediating Role of Occupational Stress. ABAC ODI Journal Vision. Action. Outcome, 10(2), 127-143.
Wang, Q., Gan, K.-P., Wei, H.-Y., Sun, A.-Q., Wang, Y.-C., & Zhou, X.-M. (2024). Public service motivation and public employees' turnover intention: the role of job satisfaction and career growth opportunity. Personnel Review, 53(1), 99-118.
Winfield, J. D., & Paris, J. H. (2024). A mixed method analysis of burnout and turnover intentions among higher education professionals during COVID-19. Journal of Education Human Resources, 42(2), 128-152.
Yin, J., Ji, Y., & Ni, Y. (2023). Supervisor incivility and turnover intention of the employees in the hospitality industry of China. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(2), 682-700.
Yuan, S., Kroon, B., & Kramer, A. (2024). Building prediction models with grouped data: A case study on the prediction of turnover intention. Human Resource Management Journal, 34(1), 20-38.
Yusuf, Z., Yusuf, F., Nuryanto, U., & Basrowi, B. (2024). Assessing organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior in ensuring the smoothness of the supply chain for medical hospital needs towards a green hospital: Evidence from Indonesia. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 12(1), 181-194.
Zen, A. (2023). Mini Review: Organization Commitment, Organization Sustainability, Resilience, Community Social Behavior, Transformational Leadership. Formosa Journal of Science and Technology, 2(3), 875-890.
Afshari, L. (2023). Identification through meaning-making: identity enactment towards organizational commitment. Human Resource Development International, 26(1), 7-28.
Agustina, R., Yusuf, M., Sutiyan, O. S. J., Ardianto, R., & Norvadewi, N. (2024). Employee Performance Mediated Quality Of Work Life Relationship Satisfaction On The Job And Organizational Commitment. Jurnal Darma Agung, 30(2), 589-605.
Al-Refaei, A. A.-A. H., Ali, H. M., Aldaba, A. M., & Zumrah, A. R. (2024). Determinants of customer-perceived service quality in higher education: the roles of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 16(1), 1-18.
Alanazi, N. H., Alshamlani, Y., & Baker, O. G. (2023). The association between nurse managers’ transformational leadership and quality of patient care: A systematic review. International Nursing Review, 70(2), 175-184.
Ali, B. (2024). What we know about transformational leadership in tourism and hospitality: a systematic review and future agenda. The Service Industries Journal, 44(1-2), 105-147.
Antony, D. A. J., Arulandu, S., & Parayitam, S. (2024). Gender and experience as moderators between talent management and turnover intention among faculty members in higher educational institutions in India. The Learning Organization, 31(4), 526-546.
Asbari, M. (2024). The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Structure and Learning Culture on School Innovation Capacity. PROFESOR: Professional Education Studies and Operations Research, 1(02), 22-32.
Bagga, S. K., Gera, S., & Haque, S. N. (2023). The mediating role of organizational culture: Transformational leadership and change management in virtual teams. Asia Pacific Management Review, 28(2), 120-131.
Borde, P. S., Arora, R., & Kakoty, S. (2024). Linkages of organizational commitment and leadership styles: a systematic review. European Journal of Training and Development, 48(1/2), 41-66.
Chauhan, R. S., Howe, D. C., & Nachmias, S. (2023). Organizational commitment: an ever-shifting concept forever changed by COVID-19. Human Resource Development International, 26(2), 232-239.
Cheah, J. S., & Lim, K.-H. (2024). Effects of internal and external corporate social responsibility on employee job satisfaction during a pandemic: A medical device industry perspective. European management journal, 42(4), 584-594.
Dreer, B. (2024). Teachers’ well-being and job satisfaction: The important role of positive emotions in the workplace. Educational Studies, 50(1), 61-77.
Fleischer, J., & Wanckel, C. (2024). Job satisfaction and the digital transformation of the public sector: The mediating role of job autonomy. Review of public personnel administration, 44(3), 431-452.
Galanis, P., Moisoglou, I., Katsiroumpa, A., Vraka, I., Siskou, O., Konstantakopoulou, O., & Kaitelidou, D. (2024). Moral Resilience Reduces Levels of Quiet Quitting, Job Burnout, and Turnover Intention among Nurses: Evidence in the Post COVID-19 Era. Nursing Reports, 14(1), 254-266.
Ghorbani, A., Mohammadi, N., Rooddehghan, Z., Bakhshi, F., & Nasrabadi, A. N. (2023). Transformational leadership in development of transformative education in nursing: a qualitative study. BMC nursing, 22(1), 1-10.
Hadi, S., Hakim, S., Setyawati, K., Wahdiniawati, S. A., & Syafri, M. (2024). Analysis Of The Influence Of Job Satisfaction, Work Discipline And Organizational Culture On Performance Of State Civil Apparatus In Ministry Offices. JEMSI (Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi), 10(1), 599-605.
Hameli, K., Çollaku, L., & Ukaj, L. (2024). The impact of job burnout on job satisfaction and intention to change occupation among accountants: the mediating role of psychological well-being. Industrial and Commercial Training, 56(1), 24-40.
Hilton, S. K., Madilo, W., Awaah, F., & Arkorful, H. (2023). Dimensions of transformational leadership and organizational performance: the mediating effect of job satisfaction. Management Research Review, 46(1), 1-19.
Ho, H. C., Hou, W. K., Poon, K.-T., Leung, A. N., & Kwan, J. L. (2023). Being virtuous together: A one-year prospective study on organizational virtuousness, well-being, and organizational commitment. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 18(1), 521-542.
Hur, H., & Abner, G. (2024). What makes public employees want to leave their job? A meta‐analysis of turnover intention predictors among public sector employees. Public Administration Review, 84(1), 115-142.
Indrayani, I., Nurhatisyah, N., Damsar, D., & Wibisono, C. (2024). How does millennial employee job satisfaction affect performance? Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 14(1), 22-40.
Itzchakov, G., Weinstein, N., & Cheshin, A. (2023). Learning to listen: Downstream effects of listening training on employees' relatedness, burnout, and turnover intentions. Human Resource Management, 62(4), 565-580.
Jamal, M. T., Anwar, I., Khan, N. A., & Ahmad, G. (2024). How do teleworkers escape burnout? A moderated-mediation model of the job demands and turnover intention. International Journal of Manpower, 45(1), 169-199.
Jiang, S., Jiang, C., & Cheng, Y. (2023). Working overtime in social work settings: Associations with burnout, person-organization value congruence and turnover intentions among Chinese social workers. Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership & Governance, 47(1), 28-41.
Juyumaya, J., & Torres, J. P. (2023). Effects of transformational leadership and work engagement on managers’ creative performance. Baltic Journal of Management, 18(1), 34-53.
Khan, N. A., Bahadur, W., Ramzan, M., & Pravdina, N. (2024). Turning the tide: an impact of leader empowering behavior on employees' work–family conflict, spillover and turnover intention in tourism. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 45(2), 353-373.
Kilag, O. K., Malbas, M., Nengasca, M. K., Longakit, L. J., Celin, L., Pasigui, R., & Valenzona, M. A. V. (2024). Transformational leadership and educational innovation. International Multidisciplinary Journal of Research for Innovation, Sustainability, and Excellence (IMJRISE), 1(1), 110-114.
Kılınç, A. Ç., Polatcan, M., Savaş, G., & Er, E. (2024). How transformational leadership influences teachers’ commitment and innovative practices: Understanding the moderating role of trust in principal. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 52(2), 455-474.
Kurniawan, A. W., Rauf, D. I., & Arif, H. M. (2023). Efforts to Improve Performance in Managing Regional Finance Through Human Resources, Organizational Culture And Organizational COMMITMENT. Journal Management & Economics Review (JUMPER), 1(1), 33-38.
Kyei-Frimpong, M., Kodwo Amoako, E., Akwetey-Siaw, B., Owusu Boakye, K., Nyarko Adu, I., Suleman, A.-R., & Abdul Bawa, A. (2024). Employee empowerment and organizational commitment among employees of star-rated hotels in Ghana: does perceived supervisor support matter? Journal of Work-Applied Management, 16(1), 65-83.
Latifah, I. N., Suhendra, A. A., & Mufidah, I. (2024). Factors affecting job satisfaction and employee performance: a case study in an Indonesian sharia property companies. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 73(3), 719-748.
Ly, B. (2024). Inclusion leadership and employee work engagement: The role of organizational commitment in Cambodian public organization. Asia Pacific Management Review, 29(1), 44-52.
Madi Odeh, R. B., Obeidat, B. Y., Jaradat, M. O., Masa'deh, R. e., & Alshurideh, M. T. (2023). The transformational leadership role in achieving organizational resilience through adaptive cultures: the case of Dubai service sector. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 72(2), 440-468.
Malik, N. (2023). Does employee trust matter? Measuring the effect of work engagement on turnover intention in the banking sector. Journal of Accounting and Investment, 24(2), 557-568.
Martínez-Falcó, J., Sánchez-García, E., Marco-Lajara, B., & Millan-Tudela, L. A. (2024). Do organizational commitment and consumer satisfaction mediate the relationship corporate social responsibility-sustainable performance? Assessing happiness management in Spanish wineries. Management Decision, 62(2), 643-664.
Mensah, C., Baah, N. G., Nutsugbodo, R. Y., & Ankor, A. (2023). Work leisure conflict, job stress, life satisfaction and turnover intention of hotel workers in Accra, Ghana. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 22(3), 396-416.
Muhamad, L. F., Bakti, R., Febriyantoro, M. T., Kraugusteeliana, K., & Ausat, A. M. A. (2023). DO INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT CREATE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW. Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(1), 713-717.
Nguyen, V. Q., Turner, N., Barling, J., Axtell, C. M., & Davies, S. (2023). Reconciling general transformational leadership and safety-specific transformational leadership: A paradox perspective. Journal of safety research, 84, 435-447.
Noesgaard, M. S., & Jørgensen, F. (2024). Building organizational commitment through cognitive and relational job crafting. European management journal, 42(3), 348-357.
Noori, A. Q., Orfan, S. N., & Noori, N. (2023). Principals’ transformational leadership and teachers’ emotional intelligence: A cross-sectional study of Takhar high schools, Afghanistan. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 1-16.
Özkan, A. H. (2023). Organizational justice perceptions and turnover intention: a meta-analytic review. Kybernetes, 52(8), 2886-2899.
Peltokorpi, V., Allen, D. G., & Shipp, A. J. (2023). Time to leave? The interaction of temporal focus and turnover intentions in explaining voluntary turnover behaviour. Applied Psychology, 72(1), 297-316.
Pepple, D. G., Akinsowon, P., & Oyelere, M. (2023). Employee commitment and turnover intention: perspectives from the Nigerian public sector. Public Organization Review, 23(2), 739-757.
Pham, H. T., Pham, T., Truong Quang, H., & Dang, C. N. (2023). Impact of transformational leadership on green learning and green innovation in construction supply chains. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 30(5), 1883-1901.
Pimenta, S., Duarte, A. P., & Simões, E. (2024). How socially responsible human resource management fosters work engagement: the role of perceived organizational support and affective organizational commitment. Social Responsibility Journal, 20(2), 326-343.
Pinnington, A., Mir, F. A., & Ai, Z. (2024). The significance of general skills training for early career graduates: relationships with perceived organizational support, job satisfaction and turnover intention. European Journal of Training and Development, 48(7/8), 705-729.
Pudjowati, J., Cakranegara, P. A., Pesik, I. M., Yusuf, M., & Sutaguna, I. N. T. (2024). The Influence Of Employee Competence And Leadership On The Organizational Commitment Of Perumda Pasar Juara Employees. Jurnal Darma Agung, 30(2), 606-613.
Purwanto, A., Fahmi, K., & Sulaiman, A. (2023). Linking of Transformational Leadership, Learning Culture, Organizational Structure and School Innovation Capacity: CB SEM AMOS Analysis. Journal of Information Systems and Management (JISMA), 2(3), 1-8.
Ramli, A., Mundzir, M., Suprianto, G., Ashadi, F., & Arifudin, O. (2024). Analysis of the Influence of Organizational Commitment on Work Discipline of Public High School Teachers. Journal on Education, 6(2), 12927-12934.
Räsänen, K., Pietarinen, J., Väisänen, P., Pyhältö, K., & Soini, T. (2024). Experienced burnout and teacher–working environment fit: A comparison of teacher cohorts with or without persistent turnover intentions. Research Papers in Education, 39(2), 277-300.
Rasheed, R., Halawi, A. H., Hussainy, S. S., & Al Balushi, A. (2024). Perceived Overqualification and Turnover Intention in Nationalised Banks: Examining the Role of Employee Wellbeing. EVOLUTIONARY STUDIES IN IMAGINATIVE CULTURE, 580-593.
Rojak, J. A., Sanaji, S., Witjaksono, A. D., & Kistyanto, A. (2024). The influence of transformational leadership and organizational culture on employee performance. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 5(1), 977-990.
Schwarz, G., Newman, A., Yu, J., & Michaels, V. (2023). Psychological entitlement and organizational citizenship behaviors: The roles of employee involvement climate and affective organizational commitment. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(1), 197-222.
Shahriari, M., Tajmir Riahi, M., Azizan, O., & Rasti-Barzoki, M. (2023). The effect of green organizational culture on organizational commitment: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 33(2), 180-197.
Shatila, K., Agyei, F. B., & Aloulou, W. J. (2024). Impact of transformational leadership on leadership effectiveness: the mediating effect of emotional skills in the Lebanese small and medium-sized enterprises context. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 18(4), 857-878.
Smith, S., Lapkin, S., Halcomb, E., & Sim, J. (2023). Job satisfaction among small rural hospital nurses: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of nursing scholarship, 55(1), 378-387.
Soeprapto, A., Tawil, M. R., Naim, S., Buamonabot, I., & Thahrim, M. (2024). Analysis Of The Effect Of Job Satisfaction And Tenure On Turnover Intention. Jurnal Ekonomi, 13(03), 517-523.
Soomro, B. A., Zehri, A. W., Anwar, S., Abdelwahed, N. A. A., & Shah, N. (2024). Developing the relationship between corporate cultural factors and employees' organizational commitment via self-efficacy. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 13(3), 325-347.
Susanto, P. C., Agusinta, L., Setyawati, A., & Panjaitan, A. R. P. (2023). Determinant Organization Commitment and Development Organization: Analysis Servant Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership. Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(3), 541-558.
Tabak, F., Shkoler, O., Lebron, M., & Rabenu, E. (2024). Team-member and leader-member exchange, engagement, and turnover intentions: implications for human resource development. Human Resource Development International, 27(2), 169-194.
Tran, Q. H. N. (2023). Exploring relationships among work–family interfaces, organizational commitment, organizational justice and occupational stress in Vietnamese state organizations. Industrial and Commercial Training, 55(2), 157-171.
Wang, J., Zhang, Q., & Ye, Y. (2023). The Impact of Supervisor Support on Preschool Teachers’ Resignation Intention in Guangzhou, China: The Mediating Role of Occupational Stress. ABAC ODI Journal Vision. Action. Outcome, 10(2), 127-143.
Wang, Q., Gan, K.-P., Wei, H.-Y., Sun, A.-Q., Wang, Y.-C., & Zhou, X.-M. (2024). Public service motivation and public employees' turnover intention: the role of job satisfaction and career growth opportunity. Personnel Review, 53(1), 99-118.
Winfield, J. D., & Paris, J. H. (2024). A mixed method analysis of burnout and turnover intentions among higher education professionals during COVID-19. Journal of Education Human Resources, 42(2), 128-152.
Yin, J., Ji, Y., & Ni, Y. (2023). Supervisor incivility and turnover intention of the employees in the hospitality industry of China. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(2), 682-700.
Yuan, S., Kroon, B., & Kramer, A. (2024). Building prediction models with grouped data: A case study on the prediction of turnover intention. Human Resource Management Journal, 34(1), 20-38.
Yusuf, Z., Yusuf, F., Nuryanto, U., & Basrowi, B. (2024). Assessing organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior in ensuring the smoothness of the supply chain for medical hospital needs towards a green hospital: Evidence from Indonesia. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 12(1), 181-194.
Zen, A. (2023). Mini Review: Organization Commitment, Organization Sustainability, Resilience, Community Social Behavior, Transformational Leadership. Formosa Journal of Science and Technology, 2(3), 875-890.
Published
2024-12-01
How to Cite
YINGLONG, Huang; HON TAT, Huam.
Transformational Leadership's Moderating Role on Employee Turnover Intention: A Conceptual Model for Organizational Retention.
International Journal of Business and Technology Management, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 4, p. 471-484, dec. 2024.
ISSN 2682-7646.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijbtm/article/view/28498>. Date accessed: 24 jan. 2025.
Section
English Section
