The Mediating Role of Trust in National Digital Identity Verification Platform Acceptance: A Conceptual Paper
Abstract
Government and private organisation services online have been adopted rapidly during the digitalisation post-COVID-19 pandemic. The lack of digital identity exacerbates the authentication and verification of online services. This study investigates the mediating role of trust on determinants of national digital identity verification platform acceptance among young investors. The study develops an integrated theoretical framework from the Protection Motivation Theory and Uncertainty Reduction Theory. The study model incorporates three constructs, namely perceived severity, response efficacy, and transparency and accesses how trust as a mediator affects the acceptance of the NDIV platform. The online quantitative survey approach will be used as the method of this study, and data will be distributed among young investors in Malaysia. This study employs a comprehensive framework to understand the acceptance level of the NDIV platform. The study's findings will contribute to the body of knowledge regarding the NDIV platform in the Malaysian context.
References
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Berger, C. R., & Calabrese, R. J. (1974). Some explorations in initial interaction and beyond: Toward a developmental theory of interpersonal communication. Human Communication Research, 1(2), 99-112.
Buell, R. W., Porter, E., & Norton, M. I. (2021). Surfacing the submerged state: Operational transparency increases trust in and engagement with government. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 23(4), 781-802.
Chin, A., Harris, M., & Brookshire, R. (2018). A bidirectional perspective of trust and risk in determining factors that influence mobile app installation. International Journal of Information Management, 39(1), 49-59.
Chong, L. L., Ong, H. B., & Tan, S. H. (2021). Acceptability of mobile stock trading application: A study of young investors in Malaysia. Technology in Society, 64, 10149.
Du, H., Zhu, G., & Zheng, J. (2021). Why travelers trust and accept self-driving cars: An empirical study. Travel Behaviour and Society, 22(1), 1-9.
Engeness, I. (2021). Developing teachers’ digital identity: towards the pedagogic design principles of digital environments to enhance students’ learning in the 21st century. European Journal of Teacher Education, 44(1), 96-114.
Fischer-Preßler, D., Bonaretti, D., & Fischbach, K. (2021). A protection-motivation perspective to explain intention to use and continue to use mobile warning systems. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 64(2), 1-16.
Gomes, V. (2021). Adoption of national digital identity more timely than ever. Retrieve from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/adoption-national-digital-identity-more-timely-ever
Grimmelikhuijsen, S., Herkes, F., Leistikow, I., Verkroost, J., de Vries, F., & Zijlstra, W. G. (2021). Can decision transparency increase citizen trust in regulatory agencies? Evidence from a representative survey experiment. Regulation & Governance, 15(1), 17-31.
Harbach, M., Fahl, S., Rieger, M., & Smith, M. (2013). On the acceptance of privacy-preserving authentication technology: the curious case of national identity cards. In International Symposium on Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium (pp. 245-264). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
Harris, M., Brookshire, R., & Chin, A. (2016). Identifying factors influencing consumers' intent to install mobile applications. International Journal of Information Management, 36(3), 441-450.
Hartanto, D., & Siregar, S. M. (2021). Determinants of overall public trust in local government: Meditation of government response to COVID-19 in Indonesian context. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 15(2), 261-274.
Ho, F. (2022). Cybersecurity: Is digitalisation a double-edged sword for Malaysia?. Retrieve from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/cybersecurity-digitalisation-doubleedged-sword-malaysia
Iqbal, M. K., Raza, A., Ahmed, F., Faraz, N. A., & Bhutta, U. S. (2021). Research on influencing mechanism of big five personality traits on customers online purchase intention: A mediating role of trust. International Journal of Electronic Business, 16(1), 52-76.
Kamarudin, S., Omar, S. Z., Zaremohzzabieh, Z., Bolong, J., & Osman, M. N. (2021). Factors Predicting the adoption of e-government services in telecenters in rural areas: The mediating role of trust. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 21(1), 20-38.
Kim, G., & Koo, H. (2016). The causal relationship between risk and trust in the online marketplace: A bidirectional perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 1020-1029.
Kimiagari, S., & Baei, F. (2021). Promoting e-banking actual usage: Mix of technology acceptance model and technology-organisation-environment framework. Enterprise Information Systems, 16(8-9), 1-57.
Korać, D., Damjanović, B., & Simić, D. (2021). A model of digital identity for better information security in e-learning systems. The Journal of Supercomputing, 78(7), 1-30.
Lee, Y. Y., Gan, C. L., & Liew, T. W. (2022). Phishing victimisation among Malaysian young adults: cyber routine activities theory and attitude in information sharing online. The Journal of Adult Protection
Lunn, E. (2021). Young people and men targeted by social media investment scammers. Retrieved from https://www.yourmoney.com/investing/young-people-and-men-targeted-by-social-media-investment-scammers/
Maddux, J. E., & Rogers, R. W. (1983). Protection motivation and self-efficacy: A revised theory of fear appeals and attitude change. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 19(5), 469-479.
Madon, S., & Schoemaker, E. (2021). Digital identity as a platform for improving refugee management. Information Systems Journal, 31(6), 929-953.
MCMC. (2020). Internet Users Survey 2020. Cyberjaya: Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission.
Microsoft. (2018). Securing the modern enterprise in a digital world. Retrieved from https://news.microsoft.com/apac/features/cybersecurity-in-asia/
Mir, U., Kar, A. K., & Gupta, M. P. (2021). AI-enabled digital identity inputs for stakeholders and policymakers. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 12(3), 1-28.
MyCERT. (2019). Reported incidents based on general incident classification statistics 2019. Retrieved from https://www.mycert.org.my/portal/statistics-content?menu=b75e037d-6ee3-4d11-8169-66677d694932&id=0d39dd96-835b-44c7-b710-139e560f6ae0
MyCERT. (2020). Reported incidents based on general incident classification statistics 2020. Retrieved from https://www.mycert.org.my/portal/statistics-content?menu=b75e037d-6ee3-4d11-8169-66677d694932&id=2650ed29-88be-4cec-86cc-13f8e07ae228
MyCERT. (2021). Reported incidents based on general incident classification statistics 2021. Retrieved from https://www.mycert.org.my/portal/statistics-content?menu=b75e037d-6ee3-4d11-8169-66677d694932&id=7515176d-597d-4b39-90a2-44220bf37c0f
MyCERT. (2022). Reported incidents based on general incident classification statistics 2022. Retrieved from https://www.mycert.org.my/portal/statistics-content?menu=b75e037d-6ee3-4d11-8169-66677d694932&id=574bf33f-7291-4b6e-bb61-9adcf6a6259c
Nesset, B., Robb, D. A., Lopes, J., & Hastie, H. (2021). Transparency in HRI: Trust and decision making in the face of robot errors. In Companion of the 2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (pp. 313-317). Boulder: Association for Computing Machinery.
Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., ... & Agha, R. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): A review. International Journal Of Surgery, 78, 185-193.
OECD. (2019). Digital government in Chile digital identity. Paris: OECD Publishing.
OECD. (2020). Digital Transformation in the Age of COVID-19: Building Resilience and Bridging Divides, Digital Economy Outlook 2020 Supplement. Paris: OECD.
Pang, Q., Meng, H., Fang, M., Xing, J., & Yao, J. (2021). Social distancing, health concerns, and digitally empowered consumption behavior under COVID-19: A study on livestream shopping technology. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 748048.
Rahi, S., Khan, M. M., & Alghizzawi, M. (2021). Factors influencing the adoption of telemedicine health services during COVID-19 pandemic crisis: An integrative research model. Enterprise Information Systems, 15(6), 769-793.
Rivera, R., Robledo, J. G., Larios, V. M., & Avalos, J. M. (2017). How digital identity on blockchain can contribute in a smart city environment. In International Smart Cities Conference (pp. 1-4). Wuxi: IEEE.
Silver, L. (2019). Smartphone ownership is growing rapidly around the world, but not always equally. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2019/02/05/in-emerging-economies-smartphone-adoption-has-grown-more-quickly-among-younger-generations/
Singh, N., & Sinha, N. (2020). How perceived trust mediates merchant's intention to use a mobile wallet technology. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 52, 101894.
Sule, M. J., Zennaro, M., & Thomas, G. (2021). Cybersecurity through the lens of digital identity and data protection: Issues and trends. Technology in Society, 67, 101734.
Sun, Y., Wang, N., Guo, X., & Peng, Z. (2013). Understanding the acceptance of mobile health services: A comparison and integration of alternative models. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 14(2), 183-200.
Tanner, J. J., Hunt, J. B., & Eppright, D. R. (1991). The protection motivation model: A normative model of fear appeals. Journal of Marketing, 55(3), 36-45.
The Edge Market. (2020). New CDS accounts opened in January to July soared 125% to 218,000 Bursa. Retrieved from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/new-cds-accounts-opened-january-july-soared-125-218000-%E2%80%94-bursa
The Malaysian Reserve. (2022). SC: Malaysia recorded 1,800 investment scams for 9M22. Retrieved from https://themalaysianreserve.com/2022/10/19/sc-malaysia-recorded-1800-investment-scams-for-9m22/
Trivedi, S. K., & Yadav, M. (2020). Repurchase intentions in Y generation: Mediation of trust and e-satisfaction. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 38(1), 401-415.
Van, H. N., Pham, L., Williamson, S., Chan, C. Y., Thang, T. D., & Nam, V. X. (2021). Explaining intention to use mobile banking: Integrating perceived risk and trust into the technology acceptance model. International Journal of Applied Decision Sciences, 14(1), 55-80.
Vassilikopoulou, A., Lepetsos, A., & Siomkos, G. (2018). Crises through the consumer lens: The role of trust, blame and risk. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 35(10), 1-11.
Venkatesh, V., Thong, J. Y., Chan, F. K., & Hu, P. J. (2016). Managing citizens’ uncertainty in e-government services: The mediating and moderating roles of transparency and trust. Information Systems Research, 27(1), 87-111.
Wang. (2021). Exploring biometric identification in FinTech applications based on the modified TAM. Financial Innovation, 7(1), 1-24.
World Economic Forum. (2019). Our shared digital future. Retrieved from https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Responsible_Digital_Transformation.pdf
Yang, L., Lau, L., & Gan, H. (2020). Investors’ perceptions of the cybersecurity risk management reporting framework. International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 28(1), 167-183.
Zhao, Y., Ni, Q., & Zhou, R. (2018). What factors influence the mobile health service adoption? A meta-analysis and the moderating role of age. International Journal of Information Management, 43(1), 342-350.
Zhe, K. S. (2017). Cover story: Detecting cryptocurrency scams. Retrieved from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/cover-story-detecting-cryptocurrency-scams
Albayati, H., Kim, S. K., & Rho, J. J. (2020). Accepting financial transactions using blockchain technology and cryptocurrency: A customer perspective approach. Technology in Society, 62, 101320.
Aruna, P. (2017). More young investors entering into Malaysian market. Retrieved from https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2017/05/03/young-investors/
Aun, L. H., & Zhang, K. (2021). The COVID-19 recession: Rough times for young Malaysians. Retrieved from https://www.malaysianow.com/opinion/2021/09/09/the-covid-19-recession-rough-times-for-young-Malaysians/
Berger, C. R., & Calabrese, R. J. (1974). Some explorations in initial interaction and beyond: Toward a developmental theory of interpersonal communication. Human Communication Research, 1(2), 99-112.
Buell, R. W., Porter, E., & Norton, M. I. (2021). Surfacing the submerged state: Operational transparency increases trust in and engagement with government. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 23(4), 781-802.
Chin, A., Harris, M., & Brookshire, R. (2018). A bidirectional perspective of trust and risk in determining factors that influence mobile app installation. International Journal of Information Management, 39(1), 49-59.
Chong, L. L., Ong, H. B., & Tan, S. H. (2021). Acceptability of mobile stock trading application: A study of young investors in Malaysia. Technology in Society, 64, 10149.
Du, H., Zhu, G., & Zheng, J. (2021). Why travelers trust and accept self-driving cars: An empirical study. Travel Behaviour and Society, 22(1), 1-9.
Engeness, I. (2021). Developing teachers’ digital identity: towards the pedagogic design principles of digital environments to enhance students’ learning in the 21st century. European Journal of Teacher Education, 44(1), 96-114.
Fischer-Preßler, D., Bonaretti, D., & Fischbach, K. (2021). A protection-motivation perspective to explain intention to use and continue to use mobile warning systems. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 64(2), 1-16.
Gomes, V. (2021). Adoption of national digital identity more timely than ever. Retrieve from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/adoption-national-digital-identity-more-timely-ever
Grimmelikhuijsen, S., Herkes, F., Leistikow, I., Verkroost, J., de Vries, F., & Zijlstra, W. G. (2021). Can decision transparency increase citizen trust in regulatory agencies? Evidence from a representative survey experiment. Regulation & Governance, 15(1), 17-31.
Harbach, M., Fahl, S., Rieger, M., & Smith, M. (2013). On the acceptance of privacy-preserving authentication technology: the curious case of national identity cards. In International Symposium on Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium (pp. 245-264). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
Harris, M., Brookshire, R., & Chin, A. (2016). Identifying factors influencing consumers' intent to install mobile applications. International Journal of Information Management, 36(3), 441-450.
Hartanto, D., & Siregar, S. M. (2021). Determinants of overall public trust in local government: Meditation of government response to COVID-19 in Indonesian context. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 15(2), 261-274.
Ho, F. (2022). Cybersecurity: Is digitalisation a double-edged sword for Malaysia?. Retrieve from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/cybersecurity-digitalisation-doubleedged-sword-malaysia
Iqbal, M. K., Raza, A., Ahmed, F., Faraz, N. A., & Bhutta, U. S. (2021). Research on influencing mechanism of big five personality traits on customers online purchase intention: A mediating role of trust. International Journal of Electronic Business, 16(1), 52-76.
Kamarudin, S., Omar, S. Z., Zaremohzzabieh, Z., Bolong, J., & Osman, M. N. (2021). Factors Predicting the adoption of e-government services in telecenters in rural areas: The mediating role of trust. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 21(1), 20-38.
Kim, G., & Koo, H. (2016). The causal relationship between risk and trust in the online marketplace: A bidirectional perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 1020-1029.
Kimiagari, S., & Baei, F. (2021). Promoting e-banking actual usage: Mix of technology acceptance model and technology-organisation-environment framework. Enterprise Information Systems, 16(8-9), 1-57.
Korać, D., Damjanović, B., & Simić, D. (2021). A model of digital identity for better information security in e-learning systems. The Journal of Supercomputing, 78(7), 1-30.
Lee, Y. Y., Gan, C. L., & Liew, T. W. (2022). Phishing victimisation among Malaysian young adults: cyber routine activities theory and attitude in information sharing online. The Journal of Adult Protection
Lunn, E. (2021). Young people and men targeted by social media investment scammers. Retrieved from https://www.yourmoney.com/investing/young-people-and-men-targeted-by-social-media-investment-scammers/
Maddux, J. E., & Rogers, R. W. (1983). Protection motivation and self-efficacy: A revised theory of fear appeals and attitude change. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 19(5), 469-479.
Madon, S., & Schoemaker, E. (2021). Digital identity as a platform for improving refugee management. Information Systems Journal, 31(6), 929-953.
MCMC. (2020). Internet Users Survey 2020. Cyberjaya: Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission.
Microsoft. (2018). Securing the modern enterprise in a digital world. Retrieved from https://news.microsoft.com/apac/features/cybersecurity-in-asia/
Mir, U., Kar, A. K., & Gupta, M. P. (2021). AI-enabled digital identity inputs for stakeholders and policymakers. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 12(3), 1-28.
MyCERT. (2019). Reported incidents based on general incident classification statistics 2019. Retrieved from https://www.mycert.org.my/portal/statistics-content?menu=b75e037d-6ee3-4d11-8169-66677d694932&id=0d39dd96-835b-44c7-b710-139e560f6ae0
MyCERT. (2020). Reported incidents based on general incident classification statistics 2020. Retrieved from https://www.mycert.org.my/portal/statistics-content?menu=b75e037d-6ee3-4d11-8169-66677d694932&id=2650ed29-88be-4cec-86cc-13f8e07ae228
MyCERT. (2021). Reported incidents based on general incident classification statistics 2021. Retrieved from https://www.mycert.org.my/portal/statistics-content?menu=b75e037d-6ee3-4d11-8169-66677d694932&id=7515176d-597d-4b39-90a2-44220bf37c0f
MyCERT. (2022). Reported incidents based on general incident classification statistics 2022. Retrieved from https://www.mycert.org.my/portal/statistics-content?menu=b75e037d-6ee3-4d11-8169-66677d694932&id=574bf33f-7291-4b6e-bb61-9adcf6a6259c
Nesset, B., Robb, D. A., Lopes, J., & Hastie, H. (2021). Transparency in HRI: Trust and decision making in the face of robot errors. In Companion of the 2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (pp. 313-317). Boulder: Association for Computing Machinery.
Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., ... & Agha, R. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): A review. International Journal Of Surgery, 78, 185-193.
OECD. (2019). Digital government in Chile digital identity. Paris: OECD Publishing.
OECD. (2020). Digital Transformation in the Age of COVID-19: Building Resilience and Bridging Divides, Digital Economy Outlook 2020 Supplement. Paris: OECD.
Pang, Q., Meng, H., Fang, M., Xing, J., & Yao, J. (2021). Social distancing, health concerns, and digitally empowered consumption behavior under COVID-19: A study on livestream shopping technology. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 748048.
Rahi, S., Khan, M. M., & Alghizzawi, M. (2021). Factors influencing the adoption of telemedicine health services during COVID-19 pandemic crisis: An integrative research model. Enterprise Information Systems, 15(6), 769-793.
Rivera, R., Robledo, J. G., Larios, V. M., & Avalos, J. M. (2017). How digital identity on blockchain can contribute in a smart city environment. In International Smart Cities Conference (pp. 1-4). Wuxi: IEEE.
Silver, L. (2019). Smartphone ownership is growing rapidly around the world, but not always equally. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2019/02/05/in-emerging-economies-smartphone-adoption-has-grown-more-quickly-among-younger-generations/
Singh, N., & Sinha, N. (2020). How perceived trust mediates merchant's intention to use a mobile wallet technology. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 52, 101894.
Sule, M. J., Zennaro, M., & Thomas, G. (2021). Cybersecurity through the lens of digital identity and data protection: Issues and trends. Technology in Society, 67, 101734.
Sun, Y., Wang, N., Guo, X., & Peng, Z. (2013). Understanding the acceptance of mobile health services: A comparison and integration of alternative models. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 14(2), 183-200.
Tanner, J. J., Hunt, J. B., & Eppright, D. R. (1991). The protection motivation model: A normative model of fear appeals. Journal of Marketing, 55(3), 36-45.
The Edge Market. (2020). New CDS accounts opened in January to July soared 125% to 218,000 Bursa. Retrieved from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/new-cds-accounts-opened-january-july-soared-125-218000-%E2%80%94-bursa
The Malaysian Reserve. (2022). SC: Malaysia recorded 1,800 investment scams for 9M22. Retrieved from https://themalaysianreserve.com/2022/10/19/sc-malaysia-recorded-1800-investment-scams-for-9m22/
Trivedi, S. K., & Yadav, M. (2020). Repurchase intentions in Y generation: Mediation of trust and e-satisfaction. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 38(1), 401-415.
Van, H. N., Pham, L., Williamson, S., Chan, C. Y., Thang, T. D., & Nam, V. X. (2021). Explaining intention to use mobile banking: Integrating perceived risk and trust into the technology acceptance model. International Journal of Applied Decision Sciences, 14(1), 55-80.
Vassilikopoulou, A., Lepetsos, A., & Siomkos, G. (2018). Crises through the consumer lens: The role of trust, blame and risk. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 35(10), 1-11.
Venkatesh, V., Thong, J. Y., Chan, F. K., & Hu, P. J. (2016). Managing citizens’ uncertainty in e-government services: The mediating and moderating roles of transparency and trust. Information Systems Research, 27(1), 87-111.
Wang. (2021). Exploring biometric identification in FinTech applications based on the modified TAM. Financial Innovation, 7(1), 1-24.
World Economic Forum. (2019). Our shared digital future. Retrieved from https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Responsible_Digital_Transformation.pdf
Yang, L., Lau, L., & Gan, H. (2020). Investors’ perceptions of the cybersecurity risk management reporting framework. International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 28(1), 167-183.
Zhao, Y., Ni, Q., & Zhou, R. (2018). What factors influence the mobile health service adoption? A meta-analysis and the moderating role of age. International Journal of Information Management, 43(1), 342-350.
Zhe, K. S. (2017). Cover story: Detecting cryptocurrency scams. Retrieved from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/cover-story-detecting-cryptocurrency-scams
Published
2023-09-01
How to Cite
MANOGARAN, Pavitira; AI PING, Teoh.
The Mediating Role of Trust in National Digital Identity Verification Platform Acceptance: A Conceptual Paper.
International Journal of Business and Technology Management, [S.l.], v. 5, n. 3, p. 312-320, sep. 2023.
ISSN 2682-7646.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijbtm/article/view/23758>. Date accessed: 06 dec. 2023.
Section
Articles
