EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AMONG MANAGERS IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN BEIJING, CHINA
Abstract
Emotional Intelligence (EI) has become a popular topic in organizational research over the past two decades. Many studies have shown that EI as an important predictor to job performance, job satisfaction, and organizational outcomes such as productivity, profitability, and customer satisfaction. In the context of the Chinese workplace, the role of EI in improving organizational performance is particularly relevant, as the cultural emphasis on social relationships and harmony in Chinese society may lead to a higher demand for employees who possess high levels of EI. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between EI and organizational performance among managers in three selected manufacturing companies in Beijing, China. The study applied quantitative method by collecting the data from 150 managers. The data was analyzed by using SPSS software. There are few analyses conducted such as descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis. The prominent finding indicated that EI has positive significant relationship with organizational performance. The significant findings shed further light on the theoretical and practical utility where organization should consider EI as an ability that need to be acquired by managers to sustain the organizational performance.
References
Alzoubi, H. M., & Aziz, R. (2021). Does Intelligence Contribute to Quality of Strategic Decisions? The Mediating Role of Open Innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(130). 1-20.
Alsughayir, A. (2021). The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Organizational Commitment: Understanding the Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. Management Science Letters, 11, 1309-1316.
Ashkanasy, N. M., Härtel, C. E. J., & Daus, C. S. (2002). Diversity and emotion: The new frontiers in organizational behavior research. Journal of Management, 28(3), 307–338. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630202800304
Bar-On, R. (1997). Bar-On emotional quotient inventory. Toronto, Canada: Multi-Health Systems, Inc.
Bauer, T. N., & Erdogan, B. (2011). Organizational socialization: The effective onboarding of new employees. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Vol. 3. Maintaining, expanding, and contracting the organization (pp. 51–64). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12171-002
Becker, B. E. & Huselid, M. A. (1998). High Performance Work Systems and Firm Performance: A Synthesis of Research and Managerial Implications. Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management, 16, 53-101.
Boyatzis, R. E., Goleman, D., & Rhee, K. S. (2000). Clustering competence in emotional intelligence: Insights from the Emotional Competence Inventory. In R. Bar-On & J. D. A. Parker (Eds.), The handbook of emotional intelligence: Theory, development, assessment, and application at home, school, and in the workplace (pp. 343–362). Jossey-Bass/Wiley.
Chong, S. C., Falahat, M., & Lee, Y. S. (2020). Emotional Intelligence and Job performance of Academicians in Malaysia. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(1), 69-80.
Côté, S., & Miners, C. T. H. (2006). Emotional Intelligence, Cognitive Intelligence, and Job Performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 51(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.2189/ asqu.51.1.1
D’Amico, A., Geraci, A., & Tarantino, C. (2020). The Relationship between Perceived Emotional Intelligence, Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction, and Burnout in Italian School Teacher: An Exploratory Study. Psychological Topics, 29(1), 63-84.
Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. Bantam Books, Inc.
Goleman, D. (1998). The Emotionally Competent Leader. Healthcare Forum Journal, 41(2), 36-39.
Gómez-Leal, R., Holzer, A. A., Bradley, C., Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Patti, J. (2022). The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Leadership in School Leaders: A Systematic Review. Cambridge Journal of Education, 52(1), 1-21, DOI: 10.1080/ 0305764X.2021.1927987
Gong, Y., Wu, Y., Huang, P., Yan, X., & Luo, Z. (2020). Psychological Empowerment and Work Engagement as Mediating Roles between Trait Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(232), 1-7.
Hurley, J., Hutchinson, M., Kozlowski, D., Gadd, M., & Vorst, S. V. (2020). Emotional Intelligence as a Mechanism to Build resilience and Non-Technical Skills in Undergraduate Nurses Undertaking Clinical Placement. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 29(1), 47-55.
Joo, B., & Park, S. (2010). Career Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention: The Effects of Goal Orientation, Organizational Learning Culture and Developmental Feedback. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 31(6), 482-500.
Joseph, D. L., & Newman, D. A. (2010). Discriminant Validity of Self-Reported Emotional Intelligence: A Multitrait-Multisource Study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(4), 672-694.
Kaplan, R. S. & Norton, D. P. (1996) Strategic Learning: The Balanced Scorecard. Strategy & Leadership, 24,18-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb054566
Loureiro, P., Nunes, P., & Araujo, A. (2022). Emotional Intelligence and Performance in Social Economy Organisations: The Portuguese Experience. Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance.
Luthans, F., & Peterson, S. J. (2002). Employee Engagement and Manager Self-efficacy. Journal of Management Development, 21(5), 376–387. https://doi.org/10.1108/ 02621710210426864
Mandell, B., & Pherwani, S. (2003). Relationship between Emotional Leadership Style: A Gender Comparison. Journal of Business and Psychology, 17(3), 387–404. https://doi.org/ 10.1023/A:1022816409059
Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is Emotional Intelligence? In P. Salovey & D. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Education implication (pp. 3-34). New York: Basic Books.
Petrides, K. V. (2009). Psychometric properties of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). In C. Stough, D. H. Saklofske, & J. D. A. Parker (Eds.), Assessing emotional intelligence: Theory, research, and applications (pp. 85–101). Springer Science + Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88370-0_5
Petrides, K. V., & Furnham, A. (2001). Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. European Journal of Personality, 15(6), 425–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.416
Prentice, C., Lopes, S. D., & Wang, X. (2020). Emotional Intelligence or Artificial Intelligence: An Employee Perspective. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 29(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2019.1647124.
Rauf, A. F. H., Khalid, M. F., Rahman, A. M. S., & Che Ghani, M. K. I. (2020). Leadership and Communication Skills towards Emotional Intelligence: A Case of a Malaysian Private University. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 12(4), 647-654.
Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9, 185-211.
Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., & Caruso, D. (2002). The positive psychology of emotional intelligence. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 159–171). Oxford University Press.
Siswadi, Y., & Lestari, D. (2021). Effect of Work Motivation, Emotional Intelligence and Work Discipline on Employee Performance. International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences, 2(1), 227-237.
Suleman, Q., Syed, M. A., Mahmood, Z., & Ishtiaq, H. (2020). Correlating Emotional Intelligence with Job Satisfaction: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study among Secondary School Heads in Khyber Praktunkhwa, Pakistan. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(240), 1-14.
Wangari, M. G., Gichuhi, D. M., & Macharia, S. M. (2019). Influence of Emotional Intelligence on Organizational Performance among Insurance Companies in Kenya. International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research. Doi: 10.25103/ijbesar.122.04
Alsughayir, A. (2021). The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Organizational Commitment: Understanding the Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. Management Science Letters, 11, 1309-1316.
Ashkanasy, N. M., Härtel, C. E. J., & Daus, C. S. (2002). Diversity and emotion: The new frontiers in organizational behavior research. Journal of Management, 28(3), 307–338. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630202800304
Bar-On, R. (1997). Bar-On emotional quotient inventory. Toronto, Canada: Multi-Health Systems, Inc.
Bauer, T. N., & Erdogan, B. (2011). Organizational socialization: The effective onboarding of new employees. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Vol. 3. Maintaining, expanding, and contracting the organization (pp. 51–64). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12171-002
Becker, B. E. & Huselid, M. A. (1998). High Performance Work Systems and Firm Performance: A Synthesis of Research and Managerial Implications. Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management, 16, 53-101.
Boyatzis, R. E., Goleman, D., & Rhee, K. S. (2000). Clustering competence in emotional intelligence: Insights from the Emotional Competence Inventory. In R. Bar-On & J. D. A. Parker (Eds.), The handbook of emotional intelligence: Theory, development, assessment, and application at home, school, and in the workplace (pp. 343–362). Jossey-Bass/Wiley.
Chong, S. C., Falahat, M., & Lee, Y. S. (2020). Emotional Intelligence and Job performance of Academicians in Malaysia. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(1), 69-80.
Côté, S., & Miners, C. T. H. (2006). Emotional Intelligence, Cognitive Intelligence, and Job Performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 51(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.2189/ asqu.51.1.1
D’Amico, A., Geraci, A., & Tarantino, C. (2020). The Relationship between Perceived Emotional Intelligence, Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction, and Burnout in Italian School Teacher: An Exploratory Study. Psychological Topics, 29(1), 63-84.
Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. Bantam Books, Inc.
Goleman, D. (1998). The Emotionally Competent Leader. Healthcare Forum Journal, 41(2), 36-39.
Gómez-Leal, R., Holzer, A. A., Bradley, C., Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Patti, J. (2022). The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Leadership in School Leaders: A Systematic Review. Cambridge Journal of Education, 52(1), 1-21, DOI: 10.1080/ 0305764X.2021.1927987
Gong, Y., Wu, Y., Huang, P., Yan, X., & Luo, Z. (2020). Psychological Empowerment and Work Engagement as Mediating Roles between Trait Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(232), 1-7.
Hurley, J., Hutchinson, M., Kozlowski, D., Gadd, M., & Vorst, S. V. (2020). Emotional Intelligence as a Mechanism to Build resilience and Non-Technical Skills in Undergraduate Nurses Undertaking Clinical Placement. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 29(1), 47-55.
Joo, B., & Park, S. (2010). Career Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention: The Effects of Goal Orientation, Organizational Learning Culture and Developmental Feedback. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 31(6), 482-500.
Joseph, D. L., & Newman, D. A. (2010). Discriminant Validity of Self-Reported Emotional Intelligence: A Multitrait-Multisource Study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(4), 672-694.
Kaplan, R. S. & Norton, D. P. (1996) Strategic Learning: The Balanced Scorecard. Strategy & Leadership, 24,18-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb054566
Loureiro, P., Nunes, P., & Araujo, A. (2022). Emotional Intelligence and Performance in Social Economy Organisations: The Portuguese Experience. Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance.
Luthans, F., & Peterson, S. J. (2002). Employee Engagement and Manager Self-efficacy. Journal of Management Development, 21(5), 376–387. https://doi.org/10.1108/ 02621710210426864
Mandell, B., & Pherwani, S. (2003). Relationship between Emotional Leadership Style: A Gender Comparison. Journal of Business and Psychology, 17(3), 387–404. https://doi.org/ 10.1023/A:1022816409059
Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is Emotional Intelligence? In P. Salovey & D. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Education implication (pp. 3-34). New York: Basic Books.
Petrides, K. V. (2009). Psychometric properties of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). In C. Stough, D. H. Saklofske, & J. D. A. Parker (Eds.), Assessing emotional intelligence: Theory, research, and applications (pp. 85–101). Springer Science + Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88370-0_5
Petrides, K. V., & Furnham, A. (2001). Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. European Journal of Personality, 15(6), 425–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.416
Prentice, C., Lopes, S. D., & Wang, X. (2020). Emotional Intelligence or Artificial Intelligence: An Employee Perspective. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 29(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2019.1647124.
Rauf, A. F. H., Khalid, M. F., Rahman, A. M. S., & Che Ghani, M. K. I. (2020). Leadership and Communication Skills towards Emotional Intelligence: A Case of a Malaysian Private University. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 12(4), 647-654.
Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9, 185-211.
Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., & Caruso, D. (2002). The positive psychology of emotional intelligence. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 159–171). Oxford University Press.
Siswadi, Y., & Lestari, D. (2021). Effect of Work Motivation, Emotional Intelligence and Work Discipline on Employee Performance. International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences, 2(1), 227-237.
Suleman, Q., Syed, M. A., Mahmood, Z., & Ishtiaq, H. (2020). Correlating Emotional Intelligence with Job Satisfaction: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study among Secondary School Heads in Khyber Praktunkhwa, Pakistan. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(240), 1-14.
Wangari, M. G., Gichuhi, D. M., & Macharia, S. M. (2019). Influence of Emotional Intelligence on Organizational Performance among Insurance Companies in Kenya. International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research. Doi: 10.25103/ijbesar.122.04
Published
2023-09-26
How to Cite
HONG, Chunzi et al.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AMONG MANAGERS IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN BEIJING, CHINA.
International Journal of Business and Economy, [S.l.], v. 5, n. 3, p. 21-33, sep. 2023.
ISSN 2682-8359.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijbec/article/view/24370>. Date accessed: 16 oct. 2024.
Section
Articles
is published by:
