AI Leadership for Technology Adoption in Higher Education: A Conceptual Framework and Validation in Henan Province
Abstract
The purpose of this concept paper is to investigate how university administrations in Henan Province, China, may use artificial intelligence to encourage the use of new technologies. Due to transcendent change of AI in education, strong leadership is essential for the seamless integration of AI into both administrative and instructional processes. However, it is found that frameworks that address contextualized unique challenges of AI adoption in academic settings are lacking. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for AI leadership that encompasses salient tenets from extant models, such as the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Diffusion of Innovations Theory (DIT), and Transformational Leadership Theory (TLT). In employing the framework, educational leaders will be more equipped to prepare for the AI of the future and building an institution's capacity to adopt emerging technologies. This framework, thus, culminates into a strategic guide directed at creating an ambience of innovation in education. This concept paper presents a pragmatic instrument allowing higher education leaders of Henan to manage the complexity of AI implementation and stimulate onward pedagogical innovation.
References
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Guthrie, K. L. (2009). Situated Technology as Student Tool for Leadership Instruction. The Journal of Leadership Education, 8, 130-136.
Hamzah, M. I. M., Nordin, N., Jusoff, K., Karim, R. A., & Yusof, Y. (2010). A Quantitative Analysis of Malaysian Secondary School Technology Leadership.
Holden, H. K., & Rada, R. (2011). Understanding the Influence of Perceived Usability and Technology Self-Efficacy on Teachers’ Technology Acceptance. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 43, 343 - 367.
Huang, L. (2023). Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Education: Student Privacy and Data Protection. Science Insights Education Frontiers.
Huriye, A. Z. (2023). The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: Examining the Ethical Considerations Surrounding the Development and Use of AI. American Journal of Technology.
Kanont, K., Pingmuang, P., Simasathien, T., Wisnuwong, S., Wiwatsiripong, B., Poonpirome, K., Songkram, N., & Khlaisang, J. (2024). Generative-AI, a Learning Assistant? Factors Influencing Higher-Ed Students' Technology Acceptance. Electronic Journal of e-Learning.
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Kurup, S., & Gupta, V. (2022). Factors Influencing the AI Adoption in Organizations. Metamorphosis: A Journal of Management Research, 21, 129 - 139.
Lopes, C. C. S., Rocha, R. O., & Silva, F. S. (2021). CULTURA DE INOVAÇÃO: A LIDERANÇA TRANSFORMACIONAL COMO PROPULSORA À CULTURA INOVATIVA. International Journal of Knowledge Engineering and Management.
Ma, S., & Lei, L. (2024). The factors influencing teacher education students’ willingness to adopt artificial intelligence technology for information-based teaching. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 44, 94 - 111.
Madanchian, M., Taherdoost, H., Vincenti, M., & Mohamed, N. (2024). Transforming Leadership Practices through Artificial Intelligence. Procedia Computer Science.
Makarius, E. E., Mukherjee, D., Fox, J. D., & Fox, A. K. (2020). Rising With the Machines: A Sociotechnical Framework for Bringing Artificial Intelligence Into the Organization. Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal.
Mhamed Alshref, H. H., Abas, H., & Abu Bakar, N. (2021). The Adoption of ICT in Libyan Higher Education Institutions (LHEIs): Theoretical Models and Challenges. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1897.
Milton, J., & Al-Busaidi, A. (2023). New Role of Leadership in AI Era: Educational Sector. SHS Web of Conferences.
Mirzani, Y. (2024). ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT: TRANSFORMATIVE FORCES SHAPING ORGANIZATIONAL CREATIVITY. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR).
Misra, S., Akman, I., & Colomo‐Palacios, R. (2014). A Framework for Evaluation and Validation of Software Complexity Measures.
Ofosu-Ampong, K. (2024). Beyond the hype: exploring faculty perceptions and acceptability of AI in teaching practices. Discover Education.
Pais, F., Santos, C., & Pedro, L. (2016). The Role of Institutional Leaderships in the SAPO Campus' Adoption Process. Digital Education Review, 31-44.
Pham, S., & Sampson, P. M. (2022). The development of artificial intelligence in education: A review in context. J. Comput. Assist. Learn., 38, 1408-1421.
Radhakrishnan, J., & Chattopadhyay, M. (2020). Determinants and Barriers of Artificial Intelligence Adoption - A Literature Review. TDIT,
Ruiz, P., Mills, K., Lee, K.-w., Coenraad, M., Fusco, J., Roschelle, J., & Weisgrau, J. (2024). AI Literacy: A Framework to Understand, Evaluate, and Use Emerging Technology.
Samman, A. M. A. (2024). Harnessing Potential: Meta-Analysis of AI Integration in Higher Education. 2024 ASU International Conference in Emerging Technologies for Sustainability and Intelligent Systems (ICETSIS), 1-7.
Sánchez-Prieto, J. C., Olmos-Migueláñez, S., & García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2016). Do Mobile Technologies Have a Place in Universities?: The TAM Model in Higher Education.
Schuler, K., & Schlegel, D. (2021). A Framework for Corporate Artificial Intelligence Strategy. International Conference on Digital Economy,
Shadraconis, S. (2013). Organizational Leadership in Times of Uncertainty: Is Transformational Leadership the Answer?
Shal, T., Ghamrawi, N., & Naccache, H. (2024). Leadership styles and AI acceptance in academic libraries in higher education. The Journal of Academic Librarianship.
Skovgaard, T., & Nielsen, J. V. (2023). Uloga vodstva u provedbi organizacijskih inovacija. Collegium antropologicum.
Solaimani, S., & Swaak, L. (2023). Critical Success Factors in a Multi-Stage Adoption of Artificial Intelligence: A Necessary Condition Analysis. SSRN Electronic Journal.
Song, J., Zhang, L., Yu, J., Peng, Y., Ma, A., & Lu, Y. (2022). Paving the Way for Novices: How to Teach AI for K-12 Education in China. AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence,
Sposato, M. (2024). Leadership training and development in the age of artificial intelligence. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal.
Sriharan, A., Sekercioglu, N., Mitchell, C., Senkaiahliyan, S., Hertelendy, A. J., Porter, T., & Banaszak-Holl, J. C. (2023). Leadership for AI Transformation in Health Care Organization: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26.
Srivastava, P., Hassija, T., & Goyal, A. P. (2020). Unleashing the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in the Education Sector for Institutional Efficiency. Transforming Management Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques.
Sywelem, M. M. G., & Mahklouf, A. M. E.-S. (2024). Ethical Considerations in the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Education: An Overview. Education & Information Technology.
Tarisayi, K. S. (2023). Strategic leadership for responsible artificial intelligence adoption in higher education. CTE Workshop Proceedings.
Torrato, J. B., Aguja, S. E., & Prudente, M. S. (2021). Examining School Administrators’ Technology Integration Leadership. The international journal of learning, 38-42.
Tyson, M. M., & Sauers, N. J. (2021). School leaders' adoption and implementation of artificial intelligence. Journal of Educational Administration.
Valle-Cruz, D., García-Contreras, R., & Muñoz-Chávez, J. P. (2024). Leadership and Transformation in the Public Sector: An Empirical Exploration of AI Adoption and Efficiency during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research.
Vu, H. T., & Lim, J. (2021). Effects of country and individual factors on public acceptance of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies: a multilevel SEM analysis of 28-country survey data. Behaviour & Information Technology, 41, 1515 - 1528.
Walker, A. D., & Dimmock, C. (1999). A Cross-Cultural Approach to the Study of Educational Leadership: An Emerging Framework1. Journal of School Leadership, 9, 321 - 348.
Wang, W., & Siau, K. L. (2018). Artificial Intelligence: A Study on Governance, Policies, and Regulations.
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Zhu, C. (2015). Organisational culture and technology-enhanced innovation in higher education. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 24, 65 - 79.
Ahmad, S. F., Alam, M. M., Rahmat, M. K., Shahid, M. K., Aslam, M., Salim, N. A., & Al-Abyadh, M. H. A. (2023). Leading Edge or Bleeding Edge: Designing a Framework for the Adoption of AI Technology in an Educational Organization. Sustainability.
Alharbi, O., Alshammari, Y., & Almutairi, A. (2022). Review Theories of E-Learning. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal.
Bala, E. T., & Roets, L. (2022). Contextualizing a framework for improving postnatal care in Ethiopia. Frontiers in Public Health, 10.
Basu, K. K. (2015). The Leader's Role in Managing Change: Five Cases of Technology-Enabled Business Transformation. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 34, 28-42.
Begamudra Rangavittal, P. (2024). Transforming Higher Education with Artificial Intelligence - Benefits, Challenges, and Future Directions. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR).
Black, N. B., George, S., Eguchi, A., Dempsey, J. C., Langran, E., Fraga, L., Brunvand, S., Howard, N., Diego, S., & Word, I. (2024). A Framework for Approaching AI Education in Educator Preparation Programs. AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence,
Chan, C. K. Y. (2023). A comprehensive AI policy education framework for university teaching and learning. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20.
Cheng, Y., Cao, X., Zhang, J., Xu, L., & Qin, L. (2023). Comprehensive assessment of emergency departments in county-level public hospitals: a multicenter descriptive cross-sectional study in Henan province, China. Frontiers in Public Health, 11.
Chiu, T. K. F. (2024). Future research recommendations for transforming higher education with generative AI. Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell., 6, 100197.
Cremer, D. D., & Narayanan, D. (2023). How AI tools can—and cannot—help organizations become more ethical. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 6.
Daly, O., Fogarty, L., Furlong, E., Vasquez del Aguila, E., Farrell, R., Morton, S., Woods, A., Bough, A., Schilling, T., Redmond, T., & McKeever, D. (2024). Are You AI Ready? Investigating AI Tools in Higher Education via the Co-development of Interdisciplinary Student-Partnered AI Training Resources. 10th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd’24).
Dash, B., Sharma, P., & Swayamsiddha, S. (2023). Organizational Digital Transformations and the Importance of Assessing Theoretical Frameworks such as TAM, TTF, and UTAUT: A Review. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications.
Daugherty, J., Mentzer, N., Lybrook, D. O., & Little-Wiles, J. (2013). Philosophical Perspectives on Technology Leadership.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Q., 13, 319-340.
Day, D. E., Bastardoz, N., Bisbey, T. M., Reyes, D. L., & Salas, E. (2021). Unlocking Human Potential through Leadership Training & Development Initiatives. Behavioral Science & Policy, 7, 41 - 54.
Dexter, S. (2018). The Role of Leadership for Information Technology in Education: Systems of Practices. Springer International Handbooks of Education.
Dimmock, C., & Walker, A. D. (1998). Comparative Educational Administration: Developing a Cross-Cultural Conceptual Framework. Educational Administration Quarterly, 34, 558 - 595.
Du, X., Alghowinem, S., Taylor, M., Darling, K., & Breazeal, C. (2023). Innovating AI Leadership Education. 2023 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 1-8.
El-Hage, U., & Sidani, D. (2023). An exploration of the role of transformational leadership in times of institutionalization of change. Tuning Journal for Higher Education.
Fan, H., & Chano, J. (2024). Enhancing ASEAN Students’ Cross-Cultural Adaptability in Higher Education: Exploring the Issues of Applying Bilingual Education in China Panorama Curriculum. International Journal of Language Education.
Franciosi, S. J. (2012). Transformational leadership for education in a digital culture. Digital Culture & Education, 4, 235-247.
Gaftandzhieva, S. N., Hussain, S., Hilčenko, S., Doneva, R. Z., & Boykova, K. (2023). Data-driven Decision Making in Higher Education Institutions: State-of-play. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications.
George, B., & Wooden, O. (2023). Managing the Strategic Transformation of Higher Education through Artificial Intelligence. Administrative Sciences.
Ghnemat, R., Shaout, A. K., & Al-Sowi, A. M. (2022). Higher Education Transformation for Artificial Intelligence Revolution: Transformation Framework. Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Learn., 17, 224-241.
Green, J., & Senge, P. (2011). Diffusion of Innovations Theory.
Gumusluoglu, L., & Ilsev, A. (2009). Transformational Leadership and Organizational Innovation: The Roles of Internal and External Support for Innovation. Organizations & Markets eJournal.
Guthrie, K. L. (2009). Situated Technology as Student Tool for Leadership Instruction. The Journal of Leadership Education, 8, 130-136.
Hamzah, M. I. M., Nordin, N., Jusoff, K., Karim, R. A., & Yusof, Y. (2010). A Quantitative Analysis of Malaysian Secondary School Technology Leadership.
Holden, H. K., & Rada, R. (2011). Understanding the Influence of Perceived Usability and Technology Self-Efficacy on Teachers’ Technology Acceptance. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 43, 343 - 367.
Huang, L. (2023). Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Education: Student Privacy and Data Protection. Science Insights Education Frontiers.
Huriye, A. Z. (2023). The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: Examining the Ethical Considerations Surrounding the Development and Use of AI. American Journal of Technology.
Kanont, K., Pingmuang, P., Simasathien, T., Wisnuwong, S., Wiwatsiripong, B., Poonpirome, K., Songkram, N., & Khlaisang, J. (2024). Generative-AI, a Learning Assistant? Factors Influencing Higher-Ed Students' Technology Acceptance. Electronic Journal of e-Learning.
Kim, B., Kim, B., Sullivan, J. L., Sullivan, J. L., Ritchie, M. J., Connolly, S. L., Connolly, S. L., Drummond, K. L., Miller, C. J., Miller, C. J., Greenan, M. A., Bauer, M. S., & Bauer, M. S. (2020). Comparing variations in implementation processes and influences across multiple sites: What works, for whom, and how? Psychiatry Research, 283.
Kizilcec, R. F. (2023). To Advance AI Use in Education, Focus on Understanding Educators. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 1 - 8.
Kurup, S., & Gupta, V. (2022). Factors Influencing the AI Adoption in Organizations. Metamorphosis: A Journal of Management Research, 21, 129 - 139.
Lopes, C. C. S., Rocha, R. O., & Silva, F. S. (2021). CULTURA DE INOVAÇÃO: A LIDERANÇA TRANSFORMACIONAL COMO PROPULSORA À CULTURA INOVATIVA. International Journal of Knowledge Engineering and Management.
Ma, S., & Lei, L. (2024). The factors influencing teacher education students’ willingness to adopt artificial intelligence technology for information-based teaching. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 44, 94 - 111.
Madanchian, M., Taherdoost, H., Vincenti, M., & Mohamed, N. (2024). Transforming Leadership Practices through Artificial Intelligence. Procedia Computer Science.
Makarius, E. E., Mukherjee, D., Fox, J. D., & Fox, A. K. (2020). Rising With the Machines: A Sociotechnical Framework for Bringing Artificial Intelligence Into the Organization. Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal.
Mhamed Alshref, H. H., Abas, H., & Abu Bakar, N. (2021). The Adoption of ICT in Libyan Higher Education Institutions (LHEIs): Theoretical Models and Challenges. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1897.
Milton, J., & Al-Busaidi, A. (2023). New Role of Leadership in AI Era: Educational Sector. SHS Web of Conferences.
Mirzani, Y. (2024). ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT: TRANSFORMATIVE FORCES SHAPING ORGANIZATIONAL CREATIVITY. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR).
Misra, S., Akman, I., & Colomo‐Palacios, R. (2014). A Framework for Evaluation and Validation of Software Complexity Measures.
Ofosu-Ampong, K. (2024). Beyond the hype: exploring faculty perceptions and acceptability of AI in teaching practices. Discover Education.
Pais, F., Santos, C., & Pedro, L. (2016). The Role of Institutional Leaderships in the SAPO Campus' Adoption Process. Digital Education Review, 31-44.
Pham, S., & Sampson, P. M. (2022). The development of artificial intelligence in education: A review in context. J. Comput. Assist. Learn., 38, 1408-1421.
Radhakrishnan, J., & Chattopadhyay, M. (2020). Determinants and Barriers of Artificial Intelligence Adoption - A Literature Review. TDIT,
Ruiz, P., Mills, K., Lee, K.-w., Coenraad, M., Fusco, J., Roschelle, J., & Weisgrau, J. (2024). AI Literacy: A Framework to Understand, Evaluate, and Use Emerging Technology.
Samman, A. M. A. (2024). Harnessing Potential: Meta-Analysis of AI Integration in Higher Education. 2024 ASU International Conference in Emerging Technologies for Sustainability and Intelligent Systems (ICETSIS), 1-7.
Sánchez-Prieto, J. C., Olmos-Migueláñez, S., & García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2016). Do Mobile Technologies Have a Place in Universities?: The TAM Model in Higher Education.
Schuler, K., & Schlegel, D. (2021). A Framework for Corporate Artificial Intelligence Strategy. International Conference on Digital Economy,
Shadraconis, S. (2013). Organizational Leadership in Times of Uncertainty: Is Transformational Leadership the Answer?
Shal, T., Ghamrawi, N., & Naccache, H. (2024). Leadership styles and AI acceptance in academic libraries in higher education. The Journal of Academic Librarianship.
Skovgaard, T., & Nielsen, J. V. (2023). Uloga vodstva u provedbi organizacijskih inovacija. Collegium antropologicum.
Solaimani, S., & Swaak, L. (2023). Critical Success Factors in a Multi-Stage Adoption of Artificial Intelligence: A Necessary Condition Analysis. SSRN Electronic Journal.
Song, J., Zhang, L., Yu, J., Peng, Y., Ma, A., & Lu, Y. (2022). Paving the Way for Novices: How to Teach AI for K-12 Education in China. AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence,
Sposato, M. (2024). Leadership training and development in the age of artificial intelligence. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal.
Sriharan, A., Sekercioglu, N., Mitchell, C., Senkaiahliyan, S., Hertelendy, A. J., Porter, T., & Banaszak-Holl, J. C. (2023). Leadership for AI Transformation in Health Care Organization: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26.
Srivastava, P., Hassija, T., & Goyal, A. P. (2020). Unleashing the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in the Education Sector for Institutional Efficiency. Transforming Management Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques.
Sywelem, M. M. G., & Mahklouf, A. M. E.-S. (2024). Ethical Considerations in the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Education: An Overview. Education & Information Technology.
Tarisayi, K. S. (2023). Strategic leadership for responsible artificial intelligence adoption in higher education. CTE Workshop Proceedings.
Torrato, J. B., Aguja, S. E., & Prudente, M. S. (2021). Examining School Administrators’ Technology Integration Leadership. The international journal of learning, 38-42.
Tyson, M. M., & Sauers, N. J. (2021). School leaders' adoption and implementation of artificial intelligence. Journal of Educational Administration.
Valle-Cruz, D., García-Contreras, R., & Muñoz-Chávez, J. P. (2024). Leadership and Transformation in the Public Sector: An Empirical Exploration of AI Adoption and Efficiency during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research.
Vu, H. T., & Lim, J. (2021). Effects of country and individual factors on public acceptance of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies: a multilevel SEM analysis of 28-country survey data. Behaviour & Information Technology, 41, 1515 - 1528.
Walker, A. D., & Dimmock, C. (1999). A Cross-Cultural Approach to the Study of Educational Leadership: An Emerging Framework1. Journal of School Leadership, 9, 321 - 348.
Wang, W., & Siau, K. L. (2018). Artificial Intelligence: A Study on Governance, Policies, and Regulations.
Yuan, Y. (2024). A Study of Artificial Intelligence-Driven Change in Higher Education in the Age of Digital Intelligence. Contemporary Education and Teaching Research.
Zhu, C. (2015). Organisational culture and technology-enhanced innovation in higher education. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 24, 65 - 79.
Published
2024-12-01
How to Cite
LEI, Siyuan; WONG, Sengyue; S.L CHEAH, Kenny.
AI Leadership for Technology Adoption in Higher Education: A Conceptual Framework and Validation in Henan Province.
International Journal of Advanced Research in Education and Society, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 4, p. 34-48, dec. 2024.
ISSN 2682-8138.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijares/article/view/28425>. Date accessed: 16 may 2025.
Section
English Section
