Improvement of Compaction Properties of Laterite-Geopolymer Mixtures in Landfill Soil Liner
Abstract
In the landfill, lining systems play an essential function in providing a barrier between the waste and the environment. Soil liners are used in the liner system to reduce leachate infiltration and prevent ground pollution. It is essential to compact the layer properly to achieve low hydraulic conductivity of 1x 10-9 m/s. The purpose of this study is to investigate the optimum content of geopolymer mixed in laterite soil in designing a modified soil liner. Geopolymer binder consists of palm oil boiler ash as source material and sodium hydroxide mixed with sodium silicate as an alkaline solution. Laboratory work involved physical properties test and compaction characteristics of the modified mixture. The percentage of geopolymer in the mix varies between 0, 10, 15, and 20% of lateritic soil dry weight. The results obtained imply that the laterites soil mixed with geopolymer gives a plasticity index ranging from 10 to 19%, with specific gravity ranging from 2.43 to 2.62; the maximum dry density (MDD) varies from 1.71 Mg/m3 to 2.19Mg/m3, and the optimum moisture content (OMC) ranges from 13.58% to 16.38%. The conclusion reached based on compaction characteristics is compacted geopolymers are compatible with lateritic soils. Soil strength of laterite with 15% of geopolymer mixture is the best mix design to be used as a modified soil liner in a landfill. From the result, geopolymer could be the alternative material in enhancing the soil liner properties.
References
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Cristelo, N., S. Glendinning, L. Fernandes and A.T. Pinto. (2012). Effect of Calcium Content on Soil Stabilisation with Alkaline Activation. Construction and Building Materials, 36: 727-7735
Daniel, D. E. And Benson, C. H. (1990). Water Content-Density Criteria for Compacted Soil Liners. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 116(12), 1811–1830.
E. Papa, V. Medri, E. Landi, B. Ballarin, And F. Miccio. (2014). Production and Characterization of Geopolymers Based on Mixed Compositions of Metakaolin and Coal Ashes,” Mater. Des., Vol. 56, Pp. 409–415.
Eberemu, A. O., Amadi, A. A., & Edeh, J. E. (2013). Diffusion of municipal waste contaminants in compacted lateritic soil treated with bagasse ash. Environmental earth sciences, 70(2), 789-797.
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Nik Nsn, Mazidah M. (2016). The Effect of Geopolymer to The Compaction Parametero Laterite Soil. Middle East J Sci Res 24(5):1588–1593.
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Noushini, A., & Castel, A. (2016). The Effect of Heat-Curing on Transport Properties of Low-Calcium Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 112, 464–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.210.
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O’Sullivan, Declan, and Paul Quigley. (2002). Geotechnical engineering and environmental aspects of clay liners for landfill projects. Fehily Timoney & Co. and Irish Geotechnical Services Ltd. Institution of Engineers of Ireland
Wisam Dheyab1, Zeyad Tariq Ismael, Mazin Ali Hussein, And Bujang Bin Kim Huat. (2019). Soil Stabilization with Geopolymers for Low Cost and Environmentally Friendly Construction. International Journal of Geomate, 17, 63, 271 - 280 https://doi.org/10.21660/2019.63.8159.
Yamusa, Y.B.; Yunus, N.Z.M.; Ahmad, K.; Rahman, N.A.; And Sa’ari, R. (2018). Effects Of Fines Content on Hydraulic Conductivity and Morphology of Laterite Soil as Hydraulic Barrier. Proceedings of The Civil & Environmental Engineering International Conference Penang, Malaysia.
Yahya Z, Abdullah MMAB, Hussin K, Ismail KN, Razak RA, Sandu AV. (2015). Effect of solids-to-liquids, Na2SiO3-to-NaOH and curing temperature on the palm oil boiler ash (Si + Ca) geopolymerisation system. Materials, 8(5), 2227-2242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8052227
Zainuddin, A. N., Mukri, M., Che Lat, D., Rosli, R., & Abdul Rani, N. H. (2021). Influence of Different Percentage Boiler Ash-Based Geopolymer In Laterite Soil. IIUM Engineering Journal, 22(2), 67–82. https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v22i2.1589
Zainuddin, A. N., binti Mukri, M., binti Nik Ab Aziz, N. N. S., & bin Mohamed Yusof, M. K. T. (2017). Study of Nano-Kaolinite Properties in Clay Liner Application. Materials Science Forum, 889, 239–242. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.889.239.
Anitha P M1, Anjana T. R. (2017). A Comparative Study of Fiber Reinforced Soil Liners International Journal of Recent Engineering Research and Development (IJRERD) 2 (5). 17-24.
Ashraf, M. A., Hossen, M. A., Ali, M. A., & Chakaraborty, B. P. (2018). Stabilization of Soil by Mixing with Different Percentages of Lime, 1–10. The 4th International Conference on Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development
Atiqah Najwa Zainuddin, Mukri, M, Asmuni,R, Ibrahim, Izati, Che Azmi.A. (2019). Influence of Nano-Bentonite in Hydraulic Conductivity Performance, MATEC Web Conf., 266 (2019) 0 4001 Https://Doi.Org/10.1051/Matecconf/201926604001.
A.Ayyappan, S.Palanikumar, D.Dinesh Kumar, M.Vinoth . (2017). Influence of Geopolymers in the Stabilization of Clay Soil. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Engineering Research (IJETER) 5(9).
Craig H. Benson, F.Asce; Jiannan N. Chen, A.M.Asce; Tuncer B. Edil, Dist.M.Asce; And William J. Likos, M.Asce. (2018). Hydraulic Conductivity of Compacted Soil Liners Permeated with Coal Combustion Product Leachates, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 144 (4) .
Cristelo, N., S. Glendinning, L. Fernandes and A.T. Pinto. (2012). Effect of Calcium Content on Soil Stabilisation with Alkaline Activation. Construction and Building Materials, 36: 727-7735
Daniel, D. E. And Benson, C. H. (1990). Water Content-Density Criteria for Compacted Soil Liners. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 116(12), 1811–1830.
E. Papa, V. Medri, E. Landi, B. Ballarin, And F. Miccio. (2014). Production and Characterization of Geopolymers Based on Mixed Compositions of Metakaolin and Coal Ashes,” Mater. Des., Vol. 56, Pp. 409–415.
Eberemu, A. O., Amadi, A. A., & Edeh, J. E. (2013). Diffusion of municipal waste contaminants in compacted lateritic soil treated with bagasse ash. Environmental earth sciences, 70(2), 789-797.
H Xu, Van Deventer JSJ. (2000) The geopolymerisation of alumina-silicate minerals. Int. J. Miner. Process., 59(3): 247-266.
Latifi, Nima & Eisazadeh, Amin & Marto, Aminaton. (2014). Strength Behavior and Microstructural Characteristics of Tropical Laterite Soil Treated with Sodium Silicate-Based Liquid Stabilizer. Environmental Earth Sciences. 10.1007/S12665-013-2939-1.
Lopez E., Vega-Zamanillo A., Calzada Perez M.A., & Hernandez-Sanz A. (2015). Bearing capacity of bottom ash and its mixture with soils. Soils and Foundations, 55, 529–535.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2015.04.005
M. M. Al Bakri, H. Kamarudin, M. Bnhussain, I. K. Nizar, A. R. Rafiza, And A. M. Izzat. (2011). Chemical Reactions in The Geopolymerisation Process Using Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer: A Review. J. Appl. Sci. Res., Vol. 7, Pp. 1199–1203.
Mh Fasihnikoutalab, A Asadi, Bk Huat, Rj Ball, S Pourakbar, P Singh. (2017). Utilisation of Carbonating Olivine for Sustainable Soil Stabilisation. Environmental Geotechnics 4 (3), 184-198.
Nik Nsn, Mazidah M. (2016). The Effect of Geopolymer to The Compaction Parametero Laterite Soil. Middle East J Sci Res 24(5):1588–1593.
Nik Ab Aziz, Nik & Mukri, Mazidah & Hashim, Salehhudin & Khalid, Norazlan. (2015). Influence of Compaction Effort for Laterite Soil Mix with Geopolymer in Designing Soil Liner. 20. 12353-12364.
Noushini, A., & Castel, A. (2016). The Effect of Heat-Curing on Transport Properties of Low-Calcium Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 112, 464–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.210.
P. N. Lemougna, K. J. D. Mackenzie, And U. F. C. Melo. (2011). Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Inorganic Polymers (Geopolymers) For Structural and Refractory Applications from Volcanic Ash, Ceram. Int., Vol. 37, No. 8, Pp. 3011–3018.
O’Sullivan, Declan, and Paul Quigley. (2002). Geotechnical engineering and environmental aspects of clay liners for landfill projects. Fehily Timoney & Co. and Irish Geotechnical Services Ltd. Institution of Engineers of Ireland
Wisam Dheyab1, Zeyad Tariq Ismael, Mazin Ali Hussein, And Bujang Bin Kim Huat. (2019). Soil Stabilization with Geopolymers for Low Cost and Environmentally Friendly Construction. International Journal of Geomate, 17, 63, 271 - 280 https://doi.org/10.21660/2019.63.8159.
Yamusa, Y.B.; Yunus, N.Z.M.; Ahmad, K.; Rahman, N.A.; And Sa’ari, R. (2018). Effects Of Fines Content on Hydraulic Conductivity and Morphology of Laterite Soil as Hydraulic Barrier. Proceedings of The Civil & Environmental Engineering International Conference Penang, Malaysia.
Yahya Z, Abdullah MMAB, Hussin K, Ismail KN, Razak RA, Sandu AV. (2015). Effect of solids-to-liquids, Na2SiO3-to-NaOH and curing temperature on the palm oil boiler ash (Si + Ca) geopolymerisation system. Materials, 8(5), 2227-2242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8052227
Zainuddin, A. N., Mukri, M., Che Lat, D., Rosli, R., & Abdul Rani, N. H. (2021). Influence of Different Percentage Boiler Ash-Based Geopolymer In Laterite Soil. IIUM Engineering Journal, 22(2), 67–82. https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v22i2.1589
Zainuddin, A. N., binti Mukri, M., binti Nik Ab Aziz, N. N. S., & bin Mohamed Yusof, M. K. T. (2017). Study of Nano-Kaolinite Properties in Clay Liner Application. Materials Science Forum, 889, 239–242. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.889.239.
Published
2021-10-01
How to Cite
ZAINUDDIN, Atiqah Najwa; MUKRI, Mazidah.
Improvement of Compaction Properties of Laterite-Geopolymer Mixtures in Landfill Soil Liner.
International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering Innovation, [S.l.], v. 3, n. 3, p. 37-47, oct. 2021.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijarei/article/view/15672>. Date accessed: 14 sep. 2024.
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