Scoping Review: Evaluation of Sea Cucumber as a New Therapeutic Agent for Wound Healing Treatment in Clinical Trials and in vivo Studies

  • Nurshazwani Azmi Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
  • Widya Lestari Oral Biology Unit, Fundamental Dental and Sciences, Department Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysis, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
  • Khazlan Afiq Khazan Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
  • Nurzafirah Mazlan Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malasyia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
  • Shaiqah Mohd Rus Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University Kuala Lumpur, Royal College Medicine Perak, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Salahuddin Haris IKOP Pharma Sdn. Bhd., Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

Abstract

Objectives: The development of biomaterials with the potential to hasten wound healing is a major concern in the biomedicine industry. Sea cucumbers, also known as bêche-de-mer or gamat, have long been used for food and folk medicine in Asian and Middle Eastern countries. Due to their pharmacological benefits, sea cucumbers have been explored for medical use, especially in dermatological formulas for wound healing treatment. The biological activities of sea cucumbers, such as their anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, antioxidant, and anti-coagulant properties, are imperatively facilitating the wound healing process owing to their abundance of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic peptide, glycosaminoglycan, saponin, collagen, and fucoidan chondroitin sulphates. However, there were still insufficient studies that systematically reviewed the existing literature on the evaluation of sea cucumber as a wound healing agent. Thus, this scoping review will encompass the wound healing potential of sea cucumber for in vivo and clinical trials. Materials and Methods: The searches were conducted using three main databases, which are PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, with papers released between 1970 and 2022. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria in which these studies compromise in vivo and clinical trials that evaluate five different types of wounds, which are excision, incision, ulcer, diabetic, and burn wounds. Results and Conclusion: Findings from in vivo and clinical trials provide consistent evidence through macroscopic and microscopic observation; the studies prove that sea cucumber can enhance tissue repair and wound healing through regulation of inflammatory response, fibroblast proliferation and amplifying the angiogenesis process.

Published
2024-09-01
How to Cite
AZMI, Nurshazwani et al. Scoping Review: Evaluation of Sea Cucumber as a New Therapeutic Agent for Wound Healing Treatment in Clinical Trials and in vivo Studies. Compendium of Oral Science, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 2, p. 113-132, sep. 2024. ISSN 2637-0611. Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/corals/article/view/27507>. Date accessed: 16 oct. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v11i2.27507.
Section
Systematic Review