Belief About Web-Based Learning and Perceived Stress During COVID Pandemic
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between belief about web-based learning (behavioural belief, perceived difficulty & contextual belief) and perceived stress. A total of 140 undergraduates participated in this survey during the e-learning period when higher learning institutions were closed. Results revealed no significant relationship between behavioural belief about web-learning and perceived stress. However, it identified significant relationships between perceived difficulty of web-learning and perceived stress, and perceived difficulty of web-learning and perceived helplessness. This implied that belief about web-based learning did not induce stress nor create mental risks amongst undergraduates, and perceived difficulty of web-learning experienced in the early stage of stress can be counterbalanced with coping resources in the later stage of web-based learning. Hence, higher learning institutions should provide coping resources when undergraduates experienced difficulty in web-based learning.
References
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McKenzie, S.H., & Harris, M.F. (2013). Understanding the relationship between stress, distress and healthy lifestyle behaviour: a qualitative study of patients and general practitioners. BMC Family Practice, 14(166). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2296-14-166
Nachane, H., Nayak, A., Parkar, S., Sangoi, B., & Shinde, R. (2019). Gender variability of perceived stress and negative inferential feedback in depression. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 41(4), 331. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_343_18
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Umberson, D., Liu, H., & Reczek, C. (2008). Stress and health behaviour over the life course. Advances in Life Course Research, 13, 19–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1040-2608(08)00002-6
van Mierlo, C.M., Jarodzka, H., Kirschner, F., & Kirschner, P.A. (2012). Cognitive Load Theory in E-Learning. In Yan, Z. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Cyber Behavior (Vol 1), 1178-1211. IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0315-8.ch097
Vo, D. X. & Park, M. J. (2008). Stress and stress management among youth and young men. American Journal of Men’s Health, 2(4), 353-366.https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988308325069
Yang, F. Y., & Tsai, C. C. (2008). Investigating university student preferences and beliefs about learning in the web-based context. Computers & Education, 50, 1284–1303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2006.12.009
Zhou, Y., Zeng, W., Hu, Y., Xi, Y. & Tan, L. (2014). The relationship among role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload and job stress of chinese middle-level cadres. Chinese Studies, 3(1), 8-11. https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=43198
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behaviour. Organizational Behavior and Human
Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
AlAteeq, D. A., Aljhani, S., & AlEesa, D. (2020). Perceived stress among students in virtual classrooms during the COVID-19 outbreak in KSA. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 15(5), 398-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.07.004
Allan, J., & Lawless, N. (2003). Stress caused by online collaboration in e‐learning: a developing model. Education + Training, 45(8), 564–572. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400910310508955
Arumugam, T. (2020, May 9). 'Reopen varsities, colleges in stages'. New Straits Times. https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/05/595/reopen-varsities-colleges-stages
Biggs, A., Brough, P., & Drummond, S. (2017). Lazarus and Folkman’s Psychological Stress and Coping Theory. The Handbook of Stress and Health, 349–364. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118993811.ch21
Brannon, L., Feist, J., & Updegraff, J. A. (2014). Health psychology: An introduction to behaviour and health (8th ed.). Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
Callister, R., Suwarno, N. O., & Seals, D. R. (1992). Sympathetic activity is influenced by task difficulty and stress perception during mental challenge in humans. The Journal of physiology, 454, 373–387. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019269
Chandra, Y. (2021). Online education during COVID-19: perception of academic stress and emotional intelligence coping strategies among college students. Asian Education and Development Studies, 10(2), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1108/AEDS-05-2020-0097
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress source. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385-396. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136404
Cooper, K., Sommerich, C., Campbell-Kyureghyan, N. (April 5-7, 2009). Technology in the classroom: College students’ computer usage and ergonomic risk factors. Proceedings of ASEE Southeastern Section Annual Conference.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272237388_Technology_in_the_classroom_College_Students'_computer_usage_and_ergonomic_risk_factors
Creswell, J.W. (2014). Educational research: planning, conducting and evaluating quantitativeand qualitative research (4th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
Crosswell, A. D., & Lockwood, K. G. (2020). Best practices for stress measurement: How to measure psychological stress in health. research. Health psychology open, 7(2), 2055102920933072. https://doi.org/10.1177/2055102920933072
Fawaz, M., & Samaha, A. (2021). E-learning: Depression, anxiety, and stress symptomatology among Lebanese university students during COVID-19 quarantine. Nursing Forum, 56, 52–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12521
Kao, C.P., & Tsai, C.C. (2009). Teachers’ attitudes toward web-based professional development, with relation to Internet self-efficacy and beliefs about web-based learning. Computers & Education, 53, 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2008.12.019
Kao, C.P., Wu, Y.P., & Tsai, C.C. (2011). Elementary school teachers’ motivation toward web-based professional development, and the relationship with Internet self-efficacy and belief about web-based learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27(2), 406-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2010.09.010
Lee, E.H. (2012). Review of the psychometric evidence of the Perceived Stress Scale. Asian Nursing Research, 6, 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2012.08.004
Lee, J., Kim, E.Y. & Wachholtz, A. (2016). The effect of perceived stress on life satisfaction. Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 23(10), 29-47. https://doi.org/10.21509/kjys.2016.10.23.10.29
Lim, C. Y., Hong, K. S., & Tan. K.W. (2008). Acceptance of e-learning among distance learners: A Malaysian perspective. https://www.ascilite.org/conferences/melbourne08/procs/lim.pdf
Liu, X., Zhao, Y., Li, J., Dai, J., Wang, X., & Wang, S. (2020). Factor structure of the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale and measurement invariance across genders among Chinese adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00537
Mahmoud, J., S., R., Staten, R., Hall, L.A., & Lennie, T.A. (2012). The relationship among young adult college students’ depression, anxiety, stress, demographics, life Satisfaction, and coping styles. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 33, 149–156. https://doi.org/10.3109/01612840.2011.632708
Makhbul, Z.M., Abdullah, N.L., & Senik, Z.C. (2013). Ergonomics and stress at workplace:
Engineering contributions to social sciences. Jurnal Pengurusan, 37(12), 125-131. http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6964/1/3634-8093-1-PB.pdf
McKenzie, S.H., & Harris, M.F. (2013). Understanding the relationship between stress, distress and healthy lifestyle behaviour: a qualitative study of patients and general practitioners. BMC Family Practice, 14(166). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2296-14-166
Nachane, H., Nayak, A., Parkar, S., Sangoi, B., & Shinde, R. (2019). Gender variability of perceived stress and negative inferential feedback in depression. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 41(4), 331. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_343_18
Neveu, D., Doron, J., Visier, L., Boiché, J., Trouillet, R., Dujols, P., & Ninot, G. (2012). Students perceived stress in academic programs: consequences for its management. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 60(4), 255–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2012.01.008
Nur Salina, I., Nor Mazlina, A.,B., & Sharifah, W.W. (2020). Online Learning Challenges during Pandemic COVID-19 in Malaysian Higher Learning Institution. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8, 12, 7151-7159. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.08128
Salkind, N.J. (2012). Exploring research (8th ed.). Pearson Education Limited
Sundarasen, S., Chinna, K., Kamaludin, K., Nurunnabi, M., Baloch, G.M., Khoshaim, H.B., Hossain, S.F.A., & Sukayt, A. (2020). Psychological impact of COVID-19 and lockdown among university students in Malaysia: implications and policy recommendations. InternationalJournal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 6206. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176206
Umberson, D., Liu, H., & Reczek, C. (2008). Stress and health behaviour over the life course. Advances in Life Course Research, 13, 19–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1040-2608(08)00002-6
van Mierlo, C.M., Jarodzka, H., Kirschner, F., & Kirschner, P.A. (2012). Cognitive Load Theory in E-Learning. In Yan, Z. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Cyber Behavior (Vol 1), 1178-1211. IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0315-8.ch097
Vo, D. X. & Park, M. J. (2008). Stress and stress management among youth and young men. American Journal of Men’s Health, 2(4), 353-366.https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988308325069
Yang, F. Y., & Tsai, C. C. (2008). Investigating university student preferences and beliefs about learning in the web-based context. Computers & Education, 50, 1284–1303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2006.12.009
Zhou, Y., Zeng, W., Hu, Y., Xi, Y. & Tan, L. (2014). The relationship among role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload and job stress of chinese middle-level cadres. Chinese Studies, 3(1), 8-11. https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=43198
Published
2021-07-01
How to Cite
KONG, Yoke-Loong; LAI, Chooi-Seong.
Belief About Web-Based Learning and Perceived Stress During COVID Pandemic.
Asian Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences, [S.l.], v. 3, n. 2, p. 91-98, july 2021.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ajress/article/view/14082>. Date accessed: 13 oct. 2024.
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Articles
