Mediating Role Of Human Capital Between Corporate Social Responsibility And Technological Innovation: The Case Of High-Tech Firms In China
Abstract
This study aims to empirically test the relationship between multi-dimensional corporate social responsibility (CSR), human capital, and technological innovation of high-tech enterprises and analyze the mediating role of human capital. This study focuses on high-tech firms located in China. An online questionnaire was distributed among employees of high-tech enterprises. Analysis was performed using a partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results show that shareholder, employee, customer, environment, and social CSR significantly affect human capital, and human capital plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between CSR and technological innovation. This study differs from previous CSR research, which evaluates the link between the five dimensions of CSR and technological innovation to examine new opportunities for the development of technological innovation in high-tech enterprises.
References
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Barney, J. (1991). Special theory forum the resource-based model of the firm: origins, implications, and prospects. Journal of Management, 17(1), 97-98.
Branco, M. C., & Rodrigues, L. L. (2006). Communication of corporate social responsibility by Portuguese banks: A legitimacy theory perspective. Corporate Communications: An International Journal.
Carroll, A. B., & Brown, J. A. (2018). Corporate social responsibility: A review of current concepts, research, and issues. Corporate social responsibility, 2, 39-69.
Carroll, J. B. (1989). The Carroll model: A 25-year retrospective and prospective view. Educational researcher, 18(1), 26-31.
Casalegno, C., Pellicelli, M., & Civera, C. (2017). CSR and human capital as levers for enhancing shareholder value creation. An early investigation of the largest European companies. Global Business and Economics Review, 19(4), 448-467.
Chavan, M., Gowan, S., & Vogeley, J. (2022). Collaborative corporate social responsibility praxis: case studies from India. Social Responsibility Journal(ahead-of-print).
Chin, M. H., & Goldman, L. (1998). Gender differences in 1-year survival and quality of life among patients admitted with congestive heart failure. Medical care, 1033-1046.
Choi, Y. H., Myung, J. K., & Kim, J. D. (2018). The Effect of Employees’ Perceptions of CSR Activities on Employee Deviance: The Mediating Role of Anomie. Sustainability, 10(3), 601. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/3/601
Clarkson, M., Starik, M., Cochran, P., & Jones, T. M. (1994). The Toronto conference: Reflections on stakeholder theory. Business and Society, 33(1), 82.
Clarkson, M. E. (1995). A stakeholder framework for analyzing and evaluating corporate social performance. Academy of management review, 20(1), 92-117.
Dakhli, M., & De Clercq, D. (2004). Human capital, social capital, and innovation: a multi-country study. Entrepreneurship & regional development, 16(2), 107-128.
Duan, Y., Wang, W., & Zhou, W. (2020). The multiple mediation effect of absorptive capacity on the organizational slack and innovation performance of high-tech manufacturing firms: Evidence from Chinese firms. International Journal of Production Economics, 229, 107754.
Ferraz, F. A. D., & Gallardo-Vazquez, D. (2016). Measurement tool to assess the relationship between corporate social responsibility, training practices and business performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 129, 659-672.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. In: Sage Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA.
Gallardo-Vázquez, D., & Sanchez-Hernandez, M. I. (2014). Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility for competitive success at a regional level. Journal of Cleaner Production, 72, 14-22.
Gallardo-Vázquez, D., Valdez-Juárez, L. E., & Lizcano-Álvarez, J. L. (2019). Corporate Social Responsibility and Intellectual Capital: Sources of competitiveness and legitimacy in organizations’ management practices. Sustainability, 11(20), 5843.
Gold, A. H., Malhotra, A., & Segars, A. H. (2001). Knowledge management: An organizational capabilities perspective. Journal of management information systems, 18(1), 185-214.
González-Masip, J., Martín-de Castro, G., & Hernández, A. (2019). Inter-organisational knowledge spillovers: Attracting talent in science and technology parks and corporate social responsibility practices. Journal of knowledge management, 23(5), 975-997.
González-Ramos, M. I., Donate, M. J., & Guadamillas, F. (2014). TECHNOLOGICAL POSTURE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: EFFECTS ON INNOVATION PERFORMANCE. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal (EEMJ), 13(10).
Goodpaster, K. E. (1991). Business ethics and stakeholder analysis. Business ethics quarterly, 53-73.
Grayson, D., & Hodges, A. (2017). Corporate social opportunity!: Seven steps to make corporate social responsibility work for your business: Routledge.
Gully, S. M., Phillips, J. M., Castellano, W. G., Han, K., & Kim, A. (2013). A mediated moderation model of recruiting socially and environmentally responsible job applicants. Personnel Psychology, 66(4), 935-973.
Hair, J., Joe F, Sarstedt, M., Matthews, L. M., & Ringle, C. M. (2016). Identifying and treating unobserved heterogeneity with FIMIX-PLS: part I–method. European business review, 28(1), 63-76.
Hair, J. F., Astrachan, C. B., Moisescu, O. I., Radomir, L., Sarstedt, M., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2021). Executing and interpreting applications of PLS-SEM: Updates for family business researchers. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 12(3), 100392.
Hair Jr, J. F., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). A global p-erspect-ivie. Kennesaw: Kennesaw State University.
Hajar, M. A., Ibrahim, D. N., Darun, M. R., & Al-Sharafi, M. A. (2020). Value innovation activities in the wireless telecommunications service sector: A case study of the Malaysian market. Journal of Global Business Insights, 5(1), 57-72.
Hayes, A. F., & Preacher, K. J. (2014). Statistical mediation analysis with a multicategorical independent variable. British journal of mathematical and statistical psychology, 67(3), 451-470.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). （HTMT）A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. doi:10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Hu, G.-G. (2021). Is knowledge spillover from human capital investment a catalyst for technological innovation? The curious case of fourth industrial revolution in BRICS economies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 162, 120327.
Jang, S., & Ardichvili, A. (2020). Examining the link between corporate social responsibility and human resources: Implications for HRD research and practice. Human Resource Development Review, 19(2), 183-211.
Jiang, Q., Wei, W., Guan, X., & Yang, D. (2021). What increases consumers’ purchase intention of battery electric vehicles from Chinese electric vehicle start-ups? taking Nio as an example. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 12(2), 71.
Jiao, H., Yang, J., Zhou, J., & Li, J. (2019). Commercial partnerships and collaborative innovation in China: the moderating effect of technological uncertainty and dynamic capabilities. Journal of knowledge management, 23(7), 1429-1454.
Kafetzopoulos, D., & Psomas, E. (2015). The impact of innovation capability on the performance of manufacturing companies: The Greek case. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 26(1), 104-130.
Khan, Z., Hussain, M., Shahbaz, M., Yang, S., & Jiao, Z. (2020). Natural resource abundance, technological innovation, and human capital nexus with financial development: a case study of China. Resources Policy, 65, 101585.
Knox, S. (2002). The boardroom agenda: developing the innovative organisation. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 2(1), 27-36.
Kumar, A., Prakash, G., & Kumar, G. (2021). Does environmentally responsible purchase intention matter for consumers? A predictive sustainable model developed through an empirical study. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 58, 102270.
Li, X. (2020). The effectiveness of internal control and innovation performance: An intermediary effect based on corporate social responsibility. PLoS One, 15(6), e0234506.
Liu, Y., Chen, Y., Ren, Y., & Jin, B. (2021). Impact mechanism of corporate social responsibility on sustainable technological innovation performance from the perspective of corporate social capital. Journal of Cleaner Production, 308, 127345.
Mahmood, A., & Bashir, J. (2020). How does corporate social responsibility transform brand reputation into brand equity? Economic and noneconomic perspectives of CSR. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 12, 1847979020927547.
Nyame-Asiamah, F., & Ghulam, S. (2020). The relationship between CSR activity and sales growth in the UK retailing sector. Social Responsibility Journal, 16(3), 387-401.
O’Connell, M., & Ward, A. M. (2020). Shareholder theory/shareholder value. Encyclopedia of sustainable management, 1-7.
Pearce, J. A. (1982). Trace element characteristics of lavas from destructive plate boundaries. Orogenic andesites and related rocks, 528-548.
Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: a resource‐based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179-191.
Preston, L. E., & Sapienza, H. J. (1990). Stakeholder management and corporate performance. Journal of behavioral Economics, 19(4), 361-375.
Purvis, R. L., Sambamurthy, V., & Zmud, R. W. (2001). The assimilation of knowledge platforms in organizations: An empirical investigation. Organization Science, 12(2), 117-135.
Rhyne, L. C., Teagarden, M. B., & Van den Panhuyzen, W. (2002). Technology-based competitive strategies: The relationship of cultural dimensions to new product innovation. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 13(2), 249-277.
Sánchez, P. E., & Benito-Hernández, S. (2015). CSR policies: effects on labour productivity in Spanish micro and small manufacturing companies. Journal of business Ethics, 128, 705-724.
Santos‐Jaén, J. M., Madrid‐Guijarro, A., & García‐Pérez‐de‐Lema, D. (2021). The impact of corporate social responsibility on innovation in small and medium‐sized enterprise s: The mediating role of debt terms and human capital. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(4), 1200-1215.
Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital. The American economic review, 51(1), 1-17.
Shabbir, M. S., & Wisdom, O. (2020). The relationship between corporate social responsibility, environmental investments and financial performance: evidence from manufacturing companies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 39946-39957.
Shah, S. S. A., & Khan, Z. (2020). Corporate social responsibility: a pathway to sustainable competitive advantage? International Journal of Bank Marketing, 38(1), 159-174.
Sharma, E. (2019). A review of corporate social responsibility in developed and developing nations. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(4), 712-720.
Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. Sociological methodology, 13, 290-312.
Turker, D. (2009). How Corporate Social Responsibility Influences Organizational Commitment. Journal of business Ethics, 89(2), 189-204. doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9993-8
Verma, D. H., & Jain, N. (2019). CSR stipulations of Companies Act, 2013 and actual CSR expenditure by top Indian companies prior to its implementation: A comparative study. Available at SSRN 3453686.
Voegtlin, C., & Greenwood, M. (2016). Corporate social responsibility and human resource management: A systematic review and conceptual analysis. Human Resource Management Review, 26(3), 181-197.
Wang, J., Yu, S., Yuan, X., Wang, Y., Chen, D., & Wang, W. (2022). Investigating the Overall Experience of Wearable Robots during Prototype-Stage Testing. Sensors, 22(21), 8367.
Wang, X., Zhang, Z., & Chun, D. (2021). The Influencing Mechanism of Internal Control Effectiveness on Technological Innovation: CSR as a Mediator. Sustainability, 13(23). doi:10.3390/su132313122
Weatherly, L. A. (2003). The value of people. HR Magazine, 48(9), 1-10.
Wright, P. M., & McMahan, G. C. (2011). Exploring human capital: putting ‘human’back into strategic human resource management. Human resource management journal, 21(2), 93-104.
Xu, J., & Li, J. (2019). The impact of intellectual capital on SMEs’ performance in China: Empirical evidence from non-high-tech vs. high-tech SMEs. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 20(4), 488-509.
Yang, M., Bento, P., & Akbar, A. (2019). Does CSR influence firm performance indicators? Evidence from Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises. Sustainability, 11(20), 5656.
Zeng, S., Qin, Y., & Zeng, G. (2019). Impact of corporate environmental responsibility on investment efficiency: The moderating roles of the institutional environment and consumer environmental awareness. Sustainability, 11(17), 4512.
Zhang, X., Wang, J., & Gao, Y. (2019). A hybrid short-term electricity price forecasting framework: Cuckoo search-based feature selection with singular spectrum analysis and SVM. Energy Economics, 81, 899-913.
Zhu, Y., Sun, Z., Zhang, S., & Wang, X. (2021). Economic policy uncertainty, environmental regulation, and green innovation—An empirical study based on chinese high-tech enterprises. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(18), 9503.
Al‐Jinini, D. K., Dahiyat, S. E., & Bontis, N. (2019). Intellectual capital, entrepreneurial orientation, and technical innovation in small and medium‐sized enterprises. Knowledge and Process Management, 26(2), 69-85.
Barney, J. (1991). Special theory forum the resource-based model of the firm: origins, implications, and prospects. Journal of Management, 17(1), 97-98.
Branco, M. C., & Rodrigues, L. L. (2006). Communication of corporate social responsibility by Portuguese banks: A legitimacy theory perspective. Corporate Communications: An International Journal.
Carroll, A. B., & Brown, J. A. (2018). Corporate social responsibility: A review of current concepts, research, and issues. Corporate social responsibility, 2, 39-69.
Carroll, J. B. (1989). The Carroll model: A 25-year retrospective and prospective view. Educational researcher, 18(1), 26-31.
Casalegno, C., Pellicelli, M., & Civera, C. (2017). CSR and human capital as levers for enhancing shareholder value creation. An early investigation of the largest European companies. Global Business and Economics Review, 19(4), 448-467.
Chavan, M., Gowan, S., & Vogeley, J. (2022). Collaborative corporate social responsibility praxis: case studies from India. Social Responsibility Journal(ahead-of-print).
Chin, M. H., & Goldman, L. (1998). Gender differences in 1-year survival and quality of life among patients admitted with congestive heart failure. Medical care, 1033-1046.
Choi, Y. H., Myung, J. K., & Kim, J. D. (2018). The Effect of Employees’ Perceptions of CSR Activities on Employee Deviance: The Mediating Role of Anomie. Sustainability, 10(3), 601. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/3/601
Clarkson, M., Starik, M., Cochran, P., & Jones, T. M. (1994). The Toronto conference: Reflections on stakeholder theory. Business and Society, 33(1), 82.
Clarkson, M. E. (1995). A stakeholder framework for analyzing and evaluating corporate social performance. Academy of management review, 20(1), 92-117.
Dakhli, M., & De Clercq, D. (2004). Human capital, social capital, and innovation: a multi-country study. Entrepreneurship & regional development, 16(2), 107-128.
Duan, Y., Wang, W., & Zhou, W. (2020). The multiple mediation effect of absorptive capacity on the organizational slack and innovation performance of high-tech manufacturing firms: Evidence from Chinese firms. International Journal of Production Economics, 229, 107754.
Ferraz, F. A. D., & Gallardo-Vazquez, D. (2016). Measurement tool to assess the relationship between corporate social responsibility, training practices and business performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 129, 659-672.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. In: Sage Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA.
Gallardo-Vázquez, D., & Sanchez-Hernandez, M. I. (2014). Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility for competitive success at a regional level. Journal of Cleaner Production, 72, 14-22.
Gallardo-Vázquez, D., Valdez-Juárez, L. E., & Lizcano-Álvarez, J. L. (2019). Corporate Social Responsibility and Intellectual Capital: Sources of competitiveness and legitimacy in organizations’ management practices. Sustainability, 11(20), 5843.
Gold, A. H., Malhotra, A., & Segars, A. H. (2001). Knowledge management: An organizational capabilities perspective. Journal of management information systems, 18(1), 185-214.
González-Masip, J., Martín-de Castro, G., & Hernández, A. (2019). Inter-organisational knowledge spillovers: Attracting talent in science and technology parks and corporate social responsibility practices. Journal of knowledge management, 23(5), 975-997.
González-Ramos, M. I., Donate, M. J., & Guadamillas, F. (2014). TECHNOLOGICAL POSTURE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: EFFECTS ON INNOVATION PERFORMANCE. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal (EEMJ), 13(10).
Goodpaster, K. E. (1991). Business ethics and stakeholder analysis. Business ethics quarterly, 53-73.
Grayson, D., & Hodges, A. (2017). Corporate social opportunity!: Seven steps to make corporate social responsibility work for your business: Routledge.
Gully, S. M., Phillips, J. M., Castellano, W. G., Han, K., & Kim, A. (2013). A mediated moderation model of recruiting socially and environmentally responsible job applicants. Personnel Psychology, 66(4), 935-973.
Hair, J., Joe F, Sarstedt, M., Matthews, L. M., & Ringle, C. M. (2016). Identifying and treating unobserved heterogeneity with FIMIX-PLS: part I–method. European business review, 28(1), 63-76.
Hair, J. F., Astrachan, C. B., Moisescu, O. I., Radomir, L., Sarstedt, M., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2021). Executing and interpreting applications of PLS-SEM: Updates for family business researchers. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 12(3), 100392.
Hair Jr, J. F., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). A global p-erspect-ivie. Kennesaw: Kennesaw State University.
Hajar, M. A., Ibrahim, D. N., Darun, M. R., & Al-Sharafi, M. A. (2020). Value innovation activities in the wireless telecommunications service sector: A case study of the Malaysian market. Journal of Global Business Insights, 5(1), 57-72.
Hayes, A. F., & Preacher, K. J. (2014). Statistical mediation analysis with a multicategorical independent variable. British journal of mathematical and statistical psychology, 67(3), 451-470.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). （HTMT）A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. doi:10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Hu, G.-G. (2021). Is knowledge spillover from human capital investment a catalyst for technological innovation? The curious case of fourth industrial revolution in BRICS economies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 162, 120327.
Jang, S., & Ardichvili, A. (2020). Examining the link between corporate social responsibility and human resources: Implications for HRD research and practice. Human Resource Development Review, 19(2), 183-211.
Jiang, Q., Wei, W., Guan, X., & Yang, D. (2021). What increases consumers’ purchase intention of battery electric vehicles from Chinese electric vehicle start-ups? taking Nio as an example. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 12(2), 71.
Jiao, H., Yang, J., Zhou, J., & Li, J. (2019). Commercial partnerships and collaborative innovation in China: the moderating effect of technological uncertainty and dynamic capabilities. Journal of knowledge management, 23(7), 1429-1454.
Kafetzopoulos, D., & Psomas, E. (2015). The impact of innovation capability on the performance of manufacturing companies: The Greek case. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 26(1), 104-130.
Khan, Z., Hussain, M., Shahbaz, M., Yang, S., & Jiao, Z. (2020). Natural resource abundance, technological innovation, and human capital nexus with financial development: a case study of China. Resources Policy, 65, 101585.
Knox, S. (2002). The boardroom agenda: developing the innovative organisation. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 2(1), 27-36.
Kumar, A., Prakash, G., & Kumar, G. (2021). Does environmentally responsible purchase intention matter for consumers? A predictive sustainable model developed through an empirical study. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 58, 102270.
Li, X. (2020). The effectiveness of internal control and innovation performance: An intermediary effect based on corporate social responsibility. PLoS One, 15(6), e0234506.
Liu, Y., Chen, Y., Ren, Y., & Jin, B. (2021). Impact mechanism of corporate social responsibility on sustainable technological innovation performance from the perspective of corporate social capital. Journal of Cleaner Production, 308, 127345.
Mahmood, A., & Bashir, J. (2020). How does corporate social responsibility transform brand reputation into brand equity? Economic and noneconomic perspectives of CSR. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 12, 1847979020927547.
Nyame-Asiamah, F., & Ghulam, S. (2020). The relationship between CSR activity and sales growth in the UK retailing sector. Social Responsibility Journal, 16(3), 387-401.
O’Connell, M., & Ward, A. M. (2020). Shareholder theory/shareholder value. Encyclopedia of sustainable management, 1-7.
Pearce, J. A. (1982). Trace element characteristics of lavas from destructive plate boundaries. Orogenic andesites and related rocks, 528-548.
Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: a resource‐based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179-191.
Preston, L. E., & Sapienza, H. J. (1990). Stakeholder management and corporate performance. Journal of behavioral Economics, 19(4), 361-375.
Purvis, R. L., Sambamurthy, V., & Zmud, R. W. (2001). The assimilation of knowledge platforms in organizations: An empirical investigation. Organization Science, 12(2), 117-135.
Rhyne, L. C., Teagarden, M. B., & Van den Panhuyzen, W. (2002). Technology-based competitive strategies: The relationship of cultural dimensions to new product innovation. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 13(2), 249-277.
Sánchez, P. E., & Benito-Hernández, S. (2015). CSR policies: effects on labour productivity in Spanish micro and small manufacturing companies. Journal of business Ethics, 128, 705-724.
Santos‐Jaén, J. M., Madrid‐Guijarro, A., & García‐Pérez‐de‐Lema, D. (2021). The impact of corporate social responsibility on innovation in small and medium‐sized enterprise s: The mediating role of debt terms and human capital. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(4), 1200-1215.
Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital. The American economic review, 51(1), 1-17.
Shabbir, M. S., & Wisdom, O. (2020). The relationship between corporate social responsibility, environmental investments and financial performance: evidence from manufacturing companies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 39946-39957.
Shah, S. S. A., & Khan, Z. (2020). Corporate social responsibility: a pathway to sustainable competitive advantage? International Journal of Bank Marketing, 38(1), 159-174.
Sharma, E. (2019). A review of corporate social responsibility in developed and developing nations. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(4), 712-720.
Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. Sociological methodology, 13, 290-312.
Turker, D. (2009). How Corporate Social Responsibility Influences Organizational Commitment. Journal of business Ethics, 89(2), 189-204. doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9993-8
Verma, D. H., & Jain, N. (2019). CSR stipulations of Companies Act, 2013 and actual CSR expenditure by top Indian companies prior to its implementation: A comparative study. Available at SSRN 3453686.
Voegtlin, C., & Greenwood, M. (2016). Corporate social responsibility and human resource management: A systematic review and conceptual analysis. Human Resource Management Review, 26(3), 181-197.
Wang, J., Yu, S., Yuan, X., Wang, Y., Chen, D., & Wang, W. (2022). Investigating the Overall Experience of Wearable Robots during Prototype-Stage Testing. Sensors, 22(21), 8367.
Wang, X., Zhang, Z., & Chun, D. (2021). The Influencing Mechanism of Internal Control Effectiveness on Technological Innovation: CSR as a Mediator. Sustainability, 13(23). doi:10.3390/su132313122
Weatherly, L. A. (2003). The value of people. HR Magazine, 48(9), 1-10.
Wright, P. M., & McMahan, G. C. (2011). Exploring human capital: putting ‘human’back into strategic human resource management. Human resource management journal, 21(2), 93-104.
Xu, J., & Li, J. (2019). The impact of intellectual capital on SMEs’ performance in China: Empirical evidence from non-high-tech vs. high-tech SMEs. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 20(4), 488-509.
Yang, M., Bento, P., & Akbar, A. (2019). Does CSR influence firm performance indicators? Evidence from Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises. Sustainability, 11(20), 5656.
Zeng, S., Qin, Y., & Zeng, G. (2019). Impact of corporate environmental responsibility on investment efficiency: The moderating roles of the institutional environment and consumer environmental awareness. Sustainability, 11(17), 4512.
Zhang, X., Wang, J., & Gao, Y. (2019). A hybrid short-term electricity price forecasting framework: Cuckoo search-based feature selection with singular spectrum analysis and SVM. Energy Economics, 81, 899-913.
Zhu, Y., Sun, Z., Zhang, S., & Wang, X. (2021). Economic policy uncertainty, environmental regulation, and green innovation—An empirical study based on chinese high-tech enterprises. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(18), 9503.
Published
2023-12-31
How to Cite
CHU, Mingyue et al.
Mediating Role Of Human Capital Between Corporate Social Responsibility And Technological Innovation: The Case Of High-Tech Firms In China.
Asian Journal of Behavioural Sciences, [S.l.], v. 5, n. 4, p. 1-18, dec. 2023.
ISSN 2710-5865.
Available at: <https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ajbs/article/view/24797>. Date accessed: 09 sep. 2024.
Section
Articles
